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Film is a term that encompasses The Dark Knight Movie individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, The Dark Knight Movie or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects. Films The Dark Knight Movie are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is The Dark Knight Movie considered to be an important art form, a source The Dark Knight Movie of popular entertainment and a powerful method for educating The Dark Knight Movie � or indoctrinating � citizens. The visual elements of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by The Dark Knight Movie using dubbing or subtitles The Dark Knight Movie that translate the dialogue. Traditional films are made up The Dark Knight Movie of a series of individual images called frames. When these

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images are shown rapidly The Dark Knight Movie in succession, a viewer has the illusion that motion is occurring. The viewer cannot see the flickering between frames due to The Dark Knight Movie an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a The origin of the name "film" comes from the The Dark Knight Movie fact that photographic film (also called film stock) The Dark Knight Movie had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms The Dark Knight Movie exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture The Dark Knight Movie show, photo-play, flick, and The Dark Knight Movie most commonly, The Dark Knight Movie movie. Additional The Dark Knight Movie terms for the field in general The Dark Knight Movie include the big screen, the The Dark Knight Movie silver screen, the The Dark Knight Movie cinema, and the movies.In the 1860s, The Dark Knight Movie mechanisms for producing The Dark Knight Movie artificially created, two-dimensional images in motion were demonstrated with devices such as the zoetrope and

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the praxinoscope. These machines

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were The Dark Knight Movie outgrowths of The Dark Knight Movie simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures at sufficient speed The Dark Knight Movie for the images on the pictures to appear The Dark Knight Movie to be moving, The Dark Knight Movie a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the images needed to The Dark Knight Movie be carefully designed to achieve the desired effect � and the underlying principle became the basis for the

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development of film animation. A frame from Roundhay Garden Scene, the world's earliest film, by Louis Le Prince, 1888 With the development The Dark Knight Movie of celluloid film for still photography, it became possible to directly capture objects in motion The Dark Knight Movie in real The Dark Knight Movie time. Early The Dark Knight Movie versions of the technology sometimes required a person to look into a viewing machine to see the pictures which were separate paper prints attached to a drum turned by The Dark Knight Movie a The Dark Knight Movie handcrank. The pictures were The Dark Knight Movie shown at a variable The Dark Knight Movie speed of about 5 to 10 pictures per second The Dark Knight Movie depending on how rapidly the crank was turned. Some of these The Dark Knight Movie machines The Dark Knight Movie were coin operated. By the 1880s, the development of the motion picture camera The Dark Knight Movie allowed the individual component images to be captured and stored on a The Dark Knight Movie single reel, and led quickly to the development of a motion picture projector to shine light through the processed and printed film and magnify The Dark Knight Movie these The Dark Knight Movie "moving picture The Dark Knight Movie shows" onto a screen The Dark Knight Movie for an The Dark Knight Movie entire audience. The Dark Knight Movie These reels, so Movie Spoiler exhibited, came to be known as "motion pictures". The Dark Knight Movie Early motion pictures were static shots that showed an event or action with no editing or other cinematic The Dark Knight Movie techniques. Ignoring Dickson's early sound experiments (1894), commercial The Dark Knight Movie motion pictures were purely visual art through the late 19th The Dark Knight Movie century, but these innovative silent films had gained a hold on the public imagination. Around the The Dark Knight Movie turn of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by stringing The Dark Knight Movie scenes together to tell narratives. The scenes were later broken up into multiple shots of varying The Dark Knight Movie sizes and angles. Other techniques such as camera movement were realized The Dark Knight Movie as effective ways to portray a story on film. Rather than leave the audience in silence, theater owners would hire a pianist The Dark Knight Movie or organist or a full orchestra to play music fitting the mood of the film at any given moment. By the early 1920s, most films came with a prepared list of sheet music for this purpose, with complete The Dark Knight Movie film scores being composed for major productions. A shot The Dark Knight Movie from Georges Melies Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), The Dark Knight Movie an early narrative film. The rise The Dark Knight Movie of The Dark Knight Movie European cinema was

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interrupted by the Pee Movie Clips breakout of World War I while the film industry in United States The Dark Knight Movie flourished with the rise The Dark Knight Movie of Hollywood. However

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in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Sergei The Dark Knight Movie Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, and Fritz Lang, along with American innovator D. W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Buster

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Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In the 1920s, new technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with the action on the screen. These sound films were initially The Dark Knight Movie distinguished by calling them "talking pictures", or

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talkies. The next major step in the development of cinema was the introduction of so-called "natural" color. While the addition of

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sound quickly eclipsed silent film and theater musicians, color The Dark Knight Movie was adopted more gradually as methods evolved making it more practical and cost effective to produce "natural color" films. The public was relatively indifferent The Dark Knight Movie to color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation needed] but as color processes improved and became The Dark Knight Movie as affordable as black-and-white film, more The Dark Knight Movie and more The Dark Knight Movie movies were filmed in color after the end of World War II, as the industry in America The Dark Knight Movie came to view color as essential to The Dark Knight Movie attracting audiences in its competition with television, which remained The Dark Knight Movie a black-and-white medium until the mid-1960s. By the end of the 1960s, col Since the decline of the studio system in the 1960s, the succeeding

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decades saw changes in the production and style of film. New Hollywood, French New Wave and The Dark Knight Movie the rise of film school educated independent filmmakers were The Dark Knight Movie all part of the changes the medium experienced in the latter half The Dark Knight Movie of the 20th century. Digital technology has been the driving force The Dark Knight Movie in change throughout the 1990s and into The Dark Knight Movie the 21st The Dark Knight Movie century. Theory Main article: The Dark Knight Movie Film theory Film The Dark Knight Movie theory seeks to

The Dark Knight Movie

develop concise and systematic concepts that apply The Dark Knight Movie to the study of film as art. It was started by Ricciotto Canudo's The Birth of the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, The Dark Knight Movie Bela Balazs, and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film The Dark Knight Movie differed from reality, and thus could be considered a valid fine

The Dark Knight Movie

art. Andre Bazin reacted against this theory by arguing that film's artistic essence lay in its ability to The Dark Knight Movie mechanically reproduce reality not in its differences from reality, and this The Dark Knight Movie gave rise to realist theory. More recent analysis spurred by The Dark Knight Movie Lacan's psychoanalysis and Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among other things has given The Dark Knight Movie rise to psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film theory,

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feminist

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film theory and others. Criticism Main article: Film criticism Film The Dark Knight Movie criticism is the The Dark Knight Movie analysis and evaluation The Dark Knight Movie of films. The Dark Knight Movie In general, these works can be divided into two categories: academic criticism by film scholars and journalistic film criticism that appears regularly in newspapers and other media. Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, and broadcast media mainly review new The Dark Knight Movie releases. Normally they only see any given The Dark Knight Movie film once and have only a day The Dark Knight Movie or two to formulate opinions. Despite this, critics have The Dark Knight Movie an important impact on films, especially those of certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and comedy films tend not to be greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment of a film. The The Dark Knight Movie plot summary and description of a film that makes up the majority of any film review can The Dark Knight Movie still The Dark Knight Movie have The Dark Knight Movie an important impact on whether people decide to see The Dark Knight Movie a film. For The Dark Knight Movie prestige films such as most dramas, the influence of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film to obscurity and financial loss. The impact of a reviewer on a given film's The Dark Knight Movie box office performance is a matter of debate. Some claim that movie marketing is now so intense

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and well financed that reviewers cannot make an impact against it. However, the cataclysmic failure of some The Dark Knight Movie heavily-promoted movies which were harshly Hot Babe Movie reviewed, as well as the unexpected success of critically praised independent movies indicates The Dark Knight Movie that extreme The Dark Knight Movie critical reactions can have considerable influence. Others note that positive film reviews have been shown to spark interest in The Dark Knight Movie little-known The Dark Knight Movie films. Conversely, there have been several films in which film companies have so little confidence that they refuse to give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as reviewers are wise to the tactic and warn the public that the film may not be worth seeing and the films often do poorly as a result. It is argued that

The Dark Knight Movie

journalist film critics should only be known as film reviewers, and true film critics are The Dark Knight Movie those who take a The Dark Knight Movie more academic The Dark Knight Movie approach to films. This line The Dark Knight Movie of work is more often known as film theory or film studies. These film critics attempt to come to understand how film and filming techniques work, and what effect they have The Dark Knight Movie on people. Rather than having their works published The Dark Knight Movie in newspapers or The Dark Knight Movie appear on television, their articles are published in scholarly The Dark Knight Movie journals, or sometimes in up-market magazines. They also tend to be affiliated with colleges or universities. Industry Main article: Film industry The making and showing of motion The Dark Knight Movie pictures The Dark Knight Movie became a source of profit The Dark Knight Movie almost as soon as the process was invented. Upon seeing how successful their new invention, and its product, was in their The Dark Knight Movie native France, The Dark Knight Movie the Lumieres quickly set about touring the Continent to exhibit the first films privately

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to royalty and publicly to the masses. In each country, they would normally add new, local scenes to their catalogue and, quickly The Dark Knight Movie enough, found local entrepreneurs in the various countries of Europe to The Dark Knight Movie buy The Dark Knight Movie their equipment and photograph, export, import and screen additional product commercially. The The Dark Knight Movie Oberammergau Passion The Dark Knight Movie Play of 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion picture ever produced. Other pictures soon followed, and motion pictures The Dark Knight Movie became a separate industry that overshadowed the vaudeville world. Dedicated theaters and companies formed specifically to produce and distribute films, while motion picture actors became major celebrities and The Dark Knight Movie commanded huge fees for their performances. Already by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual salary of one million dollars. In the United States today, much of the film industry is centered around Hollywood. Other regional centers exist in many parts of the world, The Dark Knight Movie such as The Dark Knight Movie Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian film industry's Hindi cinema which produces the largest number of films in the world.[1] Whether the The Dark Knight Movie ten thousand-plus feature length

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films a year produced by the Valley The Dark Knight Movie pornographic film industry should

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qualify for this title is the source of some debate.[citation needed] Though the expense involved in making movies has led cinema production

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to concentrate under the auspices of movie studios, recent advances in affordable film making equipment have allowed independent film The Dark Knight Movie productions to flourish. Profit is a key force in The Dark Knight Movie the industry, due to the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films have large cost overruns, a notorious The Dark Knight Movie example being Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Yet many filmmakers strive to create

The Dark Knight Movie

works of lasting social significance. The Academy Awards (also known as "the Oscars") are the most prominent film awards in the United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits. There is also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu of or in addition to lectures and texts. Preview A preview performance refers to a showing of a movie to a select audience, usually for the purposes of corporate promotions, before the public film premiere itself. Previews are sometimes used to judge audience reaction, which if unexpectedly negative, may result in

The Dark Knight Movie

recutting or even refilming The Dark Knight Movie certain sections. (cf Audience response.) Trailer Main article: The Dark Knight Movie Trailer (film) Trailers or previews The Dark Knight Movie are film advertisements The Dark Knight Movie for The Dark Knight Movie films that will Movie Online be exhibited in the future at a cinema, on whose screen they are shown. The term "trailer" comes from The Dark Knight Movie their having originally been shown at the end of a film programme. That The Dark Knight Movie practice did not last long, because patrons tended The Dark Knight Movie to leave the theater after the films ended, but the name has stuck. Trailers are now shown before the film (or the A movie in The Dark Knight Movie a double feature program) begins. The nature of the film determines the size and type of crew required during filmmaking. Many Hollywood adventure films need computer generated imagery (CGI), created by dozens of 3D modellers, animators, rotoscopers and compositors. However, a low-budget, independent film may be made with a skeleton crew, often paid very little. Also, an open source film may be produced through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes place all over the world The Dark Knight Movie using different technologies, styles of acting and genre, and is produced in a variety of economic contexts that range from state-sponsored documentary in Insane Dicks Movie China to The Dark Knight Movie profit-oriented The Dark Knight Movie movie making within the American studio system. This production cycle typically takes three years. The Dark Knight Movie The first year is taken up with development. The second year comprises

The Dark Knight Movie

preproduction and production. The The Dark Knight Movie third year, post-production and distribution. Crew Main article: Film crew A film crew is a group of people hired by a film company, employed during The Dark Knight Movie the "production" or "photography" phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion The Dark Knight Movie picture. Crew are distinguished from cast, The Dark Knight Movie the actors who appear in front of the camera or provide voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts with but is also distinct from the production staff, consisting of producers, The Dark Knight Movie managers, company representatives, their assistants, and

The Dark Knight Movie

those whose primary responsibility falls in pre-production or post-production phases, such as writers and editors. Communication between production and crew generally passes through the director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies and standards for interaction and cooperation between the departments. Other than acting, the crew The Dark Knight Movie handles everything in the photography phase: props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., lights), sets, and The Dark Knight Movie production special effects. Caterers (known in the

The Dark Knight Movie

film industry The Dark Knight Movie as "craft services") are usually

The Dark Knight Movie

not considered part of the crew. Technology Film stock consists of transparent celluloid, acetate, or polyester base The Dark Knight Movie coated with an emulsion The Dark Knight Movie containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate was the first type of film The Dark Knight Movie base used to record The Dark Knight Movie motion pictures, but due

The Dark Knight Movie

to its flammability was eventually replaced by safer materials. Stock widths and the film format for images on the reel have had a rich history, though most large commercial films are still shot on (and distributed to theaters) as 35 mm prints. Originally moving picture film was shot and projected at various speeds The Dark Knight Movie using hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per minute (16? frame/s) is generally cited as a standard silent speed, The Dark Knight Movie research indicates most films were shot between 16 frame/s and 23 frame/s and projected from 18 frame/s on up (often reels included instructions on how fast each scene should be shown) [1]. The Dark Knight Movie When sound film was introduced in the late 1920s, a constant speed was required

The Dark Knight Movie

for the sound head. 24 frames per second The Dark Knight Movie was chosen because it was the slowest (and thus cheapest) speed

The Dark Knight Movie

which allowed The Dark Knight Movie for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since the late 19th century include the mechanization of cameras The Dark Knight Movie � allowing them to record at a consistent speed, quiet camera design � The Dark Knight Movie allowing sound recorded The Dark Knight Movie on-set to be usable without requiring The Dark Knight Movie large "blimps" to encase the camera, the invention of more sophisticated filmstocks and lenses, allowing directors to film in increasingly dim conditions, and the development of synchronized sound, allowing sound to be recorded at exactly the The Dark Knight Movie same speed as

The Dark Knight Movie

its corresponding action. The soundtrack can be recorded separately from shooting the film, but for live-action pictures many parts of the soundtrack are usually recorded

The Dark Knight Movie

simultaneously. As a medium, The Dark Knight Movie film is not The Dark Knight Movie limited The Dark Knight Movie to motion pictures, since the technology The Dark Knight Movie developed as the basis for photography. It can be used to present a progressive sequence of still images in the The Dark Knight Movie form of a slideshow. Film has also been incorporated into The Dark Knight Movie multimedia presentations, and often has importance as primary historical The Dark Knight Movie documentation. However, historic films have problems in terms of preservation and The Dark Knight Movie storage, and the motion picture industry is exploring many alternatives. Most movies on The Dark Knight Movie cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto modern safety films. Some studios save color films through the use of separation masters � three B&W negatives each exposed through red, green, or blue filters (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor process). The Dark Knight Movie Digital methods have also been The Dark Knight Movie used to restore films, although their continued obsolescence cycle makes The Dark Knight Movie them (as The Dark Knight Movie of 2006) a poor choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of The Dark Knight Movie decaying film stock is a matter of

The Dark Knight Movie

concern to both film historians and archivists, and to companies interested in preserving their existing products Top Movie Rentals in order to make them available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due The Dark Knight Movie to their high decay rates; black and white films on safety bases and color films preserved on Technicolor imbibition prints tend to keep up much better, The Dark Knight Movie assuming proper handling and storage. Some films in recent decades have been recorded The Dark Knight Movie using analog video technology similar to that used in television production. Modern digital video The Dark Knight Movie cameras and

The Dark Knight Movie

digital projectors The Dark Knight Movie are gaining ground as well. These approaches are extremely beneficial to moviemakers, especially because footage can be evaluated and edited without waiting for the film stock to be The Dark Knight Movie processed. Yet the migration is gradual, and as of 2005 most major motion pictures are still recorded on film. Independent Main article: Independent film The Lumiere Brothers Independent filmmaking often takes place outside The Dark Knight Movie of Hollywood, or other major studio systems. An independent film (or

The Dark Knight Movie

indie film) The Dark Knight Movie is a film initially produced without The Dark Knight Movie financing The Dark Knight Movie or distribution from a major movie studio. Creative, business, and technological reasons have all The Dark Knight Movie contributed to the growth of the indie film scene in the late 20th and early 21st century. On the business side, the costs of big-budget studio films also leads to conservative choices in cast and crew. There is a trend in Hollywood towards co-financing (over two-thirds of the films put out

The Dark Knight Movie

by Warner Bros. in The Dark Knight Movie 2000 were The Dark Knight Movie joint ventures, up from 10%

The Dark Knight Movie

in 1987).[2] A hopeful The Dark Knight Movie director is almost never given the The Dark Knight Movie opportunity to get The Dark Knight Movie a job on a big-budget studio film unless he or she has significant industry experience in film or television. Also, the studios rarely produce films with unknown actors, particularly The Dark Knight Movie in lead roles. Before the advent of The Dark Knight Movie digital alternatives, The Dark Knight Movie the cost of professional film equipment and stock was also a hurdle to The Dark Knight Movie being able to produce, direct, The Dark Knight Movie or star in a The Dark Knight Movie traditional studio film. The cost of 35 mm film is outpacing inflation: in 2002 alone, The Dark Knight Movie film negative costs were The Dark Knight Movie up 23%, according to Variety.[2]. But The Dark Knight Movie the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, and more importantly, the arrival of The Dark Knight Movie high-resolution digital video in the early Amc Movie 1990s, have lowered the technology barrier to movie production The Dark Knight Movie significantly. Both production and post-production costs have been significantly lowered; today, the hardware and software for post-production can be installed in a commodity-based personal computer. Technologies such as DVDs, FireWire connections and The Dark Knight Movie non-linear editing system pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Pro, Sony Vegas and Apple's Final Cut Pro, and consumer level

The Dark Knight Movie

software

The Dark Knight Movie

such as Apple's Final Cut Express and

The Dark Knight Movie

iMovie make movie-making relatively inexpensive. Since the introduction of DV technology, the means of production have become more democratized. Filmmakers can conceivably shoot and edit a movie, create and edit the sound and music, and mix the final cut on a home computer. However, while the means The Dark Knight Movie of production may be democratized, financing, distribution, and The Dark Knight Movie marketing remain difficult to The Dark Knight Movie accomplish outside The Dark Knight Movie the traditional system. The Dark Knight Movie Most The Dark Knight Movie independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to get their films noticed and sold for distribution. The arrival The Dark Knight Movie of internet-based video outlets such as YouTube and Veoh has further changed the film making landscape The Dark Knight Movie in ways that are still to The Dark Knight Movie be determined. Open content film Main article: Open content film An open content film is much like an independent film, but it The Dark Knight Movie is produced through open The Dark Knight Movie collaborations; its source material The Dark Knight Movie is available under a license which is The Dark Knight Movie permissive enough to allow other parties to create fan fiction or derivative works, than a traditional copyright. Like independent filmmaking, open source filmmaking takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems. Fan film Main article: Fan film A fan film is a film or video inspired by a film, The Dark Knight Movie television program, comic book or The Dark Knight Movie a similar source, created by fans rather than by the source's copyright holders or creators. Fan The Dark Knight Movie filmmakers have The Dark Knight Movie traditionally been amateurs, but some of the more notable films have actually been produced

The Dark Knight Movie

by professional filmmakers as film school class projects or as demonstration reels. Fan films The Dark Knight Movie vary tremendously in length, from short faux-teaser trailers for non-existent motion pictures to rarer full-length motion pictures Animation is the technique

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in which each frame of The Dark Knight Movie a film is produced individually, whether The Dark Knight Movie generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to The Dark Knight Movie a The Dark Knight Movie model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing the result with a special animation camera. When the frames are strung together and the resulting film is viewed

The Dark Knight Movie

at a speed of 16 or more frames per second, The Dark Knight Movie there is an illusion of continuous movement (due to

The Dark Knight Movie

the persistence of vision). Generating such a film is very labour intensive The Dark Knight Movie and tedious, though the development of computer animation has greatly The Dark Knight Movie sped up The Dark Knight Movie the process. File formats like GIF, QuickTime, Shockwave and Flash allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet. Because animation is very time-consuming and often The Dark Knight Movie very expensive to produce, the majority of The Dark Knight Movie animation for TV and movies The Dark Knight Movie comes from The Dark Knight Movie professional animation studios. However, the field of independent animation has existed at least since the 1950s, with animation being produced The Dark Knight Movie by independent studios (and sometimes by a single person). Several independent animation producers have gone on to enter the professional animation industry. Limited animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by using "short cuts" The Dark Knight Movie in the animation process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television.[3] Although most animation studios are now using digital The Dark Knight Movie technologies in their productions, there is a specific style of animation that The Dark Knight Movie depends on film. The Dark Knight Movie Cameraless The Dark Knight Movie animation, made famous by moviemakers like Norman McLaren, Len Lye The Dark Knight Movie and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces of film, and The Dark Knight Movie then run through The Dark Knight Movie a projector. Venues When The Dark Knight Movie it is initially produced, a feature film is

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often shown to audiences The Dark Knight Movie in a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for The Dark Knight Movie cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Thousands of such theaters were The Dark Knight Movie built or converted from existing facilities within a few years.[5] In the United States, these theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, because The Dark Knight Movie admission typically cost a nickel (five cents). Typically, one film is the featured presentation (or feature film). Before the 1970s, there were "double features"; typically, a The Dark Knight Movie high quality "A picture" rented by an independent theater for a lump sum, and a "B picture" of lower quality rented for a percentage of the gross receipts. Today, the bulk of the material shown The Dark Knight Movie before the feature film consists of The Dark Knight Movie previews for upcoming movies and paid advertisements (also known as trailers or "The Twenty"). Historically, all mass marketed feature films were made to be shown in movie theaters. The development of television has allowed films to be broadcast to larger audiences, usually after the film The Dark Knight Movie is no longer being shown in theaters. Recording technology has also enabled consumers to rent or buy copies of The Dark Knight Movie films on VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, VCD and SelectaVision � see also videodisc), and Internet downloads The Dark Knight Movie may be available and have started to become revenue sources for the film companies. Some films The Dark Knight Movie are now made specifically for these other venues, being released as made-for-TV The Dark Knight Movie movies or direct-to-video movies. The production values on these films are often considered to be The Dark Knight Movie of inferior quality compared to theatrical The Dark Knight Movie releases in similar genres, and indeed, some films that are rejected by The Dark Knight Movie their own studios upon completion are distributed through these markets. The movie theater pays an average of about 50-55% The Dark Knight Movie of its The Dark Knight Movie ticket sales to the movie studio, The Dark Knight Movie as The Dark Knight Movie film The Dark Knight Movie rental fees.[6] The The Dark Knight Movie actual percentage starts with a number The Dark Knight Movie higher than that, and decreases as the duration of a film's showing continues, as an

The Dark Knight Movie

incentive to theaters to keep movies in the theater longer. However, today's barrage of highly The Dark Knight Movie marketed movies ensures that most movies are shown in first-run theaters for less than 8 weeks. There are a few movies every year The Dark Knight Movie that defy this rule, often limited-release movies that start in only a few theaters and actually grow their theater count through good word-of-mouth and reviews. According to a 2000 study by ABN AMRO, about 26% of Hollywood movie studios' worldwide income came from box office ticket sales; 46% The Dark Knight Movie came from VHS and DVD sales The Dark Knight Movie to consumers; and 28% came from television The Dark Knight Movie (broadcast, cable, and pay-per-view).[6] Future state While motion picture films have been around for more than a century, film is still a relative newcomer in the pantheon of fine arts. In the 1950s, when television The Dark Knight Movie became widely available, industry analysts predicted the demise of local movie theaters. Despite competition from television's increasing technological sophistication over the 1960s and 1970s, such as the development of color television and large screens, motion picture cinemas continued. In the The Dark Knight Movie 1980s, when the widespread availability The Dark Knight Movie of The Dark Knight Movie inexpensive videocassette recorders enabled people to select films for home viewing, industry analysts again The Dark Knight Movie wrongly predicted the death of the local cinemas. In the 1990s and 2000s the development of digital DVD The Dark Knight Movie players, home The Dark Knight Movie theater amplification systems with surround sound and subwoofers, The Dark Knight Movie and large LCD or plasma screens enabled people The Dark Knight Movie to select and view films at home with greatly improved audio and

The Dark Knight Movie

visual reproduction. These The Dark Knight Movie new technologies provided The Dark Knight Movie audio and visual that in The Dark Knight Movie the past only The Dark Knight Movie local cinemas had been able to provide: a large, clear widescreen presentation of a film with a full-range, high-quality multi-speaker The Dark Knight Movie sound system. Once again industry analysts predicted the demise of the local cinema. Local cinemas will be changing in the The Dark Knight Movie 2000s The Dark Knight Movie and moving towards digital screens, The Dark Knight Movie a new approach which The Dark Knight Movie will allow for easier and The Dark Knight Movie quicker distribution of films (via satellite or hard disks), a development which The Dark Knight Movie may give local theaters a reprieve from their predicted demise. The cinema now The Dark Knight Movie faces a new challenge from home video by the likes of a new DVD format Blu-ray, which can provide full HD 1080p video playback The Dark Knight Movie at near cinema quality. Video formats are gradually catching up

The Dark Knight Movie

with the resolutions and The Dark Knight Movie quality that film offers, 1080p in Blu-ray offers a pixel resolution of 1920?1080 a leap from the DVD offering of 720?480 and the paltry 330?480 The Dark Knight Movie offered by the first home video standard

The Dark Knight Movie

VHS. The The Dark Knight Movie maximum resolutions that film currently offers are 2485?2970 or 1420?3390, UHD, a future digital video format, will offer a massive The Dark Knight Movie resolution The Dark Knight Movie of 7680?4320, surpassing all current film resolutions. The only viable competitor to The Dark Knight Movie these new innovations is IMAX which can play film content at an extreme 10000?7000 resolution. Despite the rise of all new technologies, The Dark Knight Movie the development of the home video market and a surge of online piracy, 2007 was a record year in film that showed The Dark Knight Movie the highest ever box-office grosses. Many expected film to suffer as a result The Dark Knight Movie of the effects listed above but The Dark Knight Movie it has flourished, strengthening film studio expectations for the future.

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