Bosh sahifaJPY / LBP • Valyuta
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Yaponiya iyenasi haqida
Iyena — Yaponiyaning rasmiy pul birligi. Bu valyuta bozorida AQSh dollari va yevrodan keyin uchinchi eng koʻp sotiladigan valyutadir. U AQSh dollari va yevrodan keyin uchinchi zahira valyutasi sifatida ham keng qoʻllanadi.
1871-yilgi yangi valyuta qonuni Yaponiyaning zamonaviy valyuta tizimini joriy qildi, Iyena 1.5 g deb belgilangan. oltin yoki 24.26 g kumush va oʻnlik 100 sen yoki 1000 ringa boʻlingan. Yen avvalgi Tokugava tangalarini hamda feodal xan tomonidan chiqarilgan turli xil hansatsu qogʻoz valyutalarini almashtirdi. Yaponiya banki 1882-yilda tashkil topgan va unga pul massasini nazorat qilish monopoliyasi berilgan.
Ikkinchi jahon urushidan keyin Iyena urushdan oldingi qiymatini yoʻqotdi. Yaponiya iqtisodiyotini barqarorlashtirish uchun iyenaning kursi Bretton-Vuds tizimining bir qismi sifatida bir iyena 360 AQSh dollari etib belgilandi. 1971-yilda bu tizimdan voz kechilgach, iyena past baholandi va suzib yurishiga ruxsat berildi. Iyena 1973-yilda bir AQSh dollari 271 ¥ ga teng boʻldi, keyin 1973-yilgi neft inqirozi tufayli iyena qadrsizlanish davrini boshdan kechirdi va 1980-yilga kelib bir AQSh dollari uchun 227 ¥ deb belgilandi. WikipediaLivan funti haqida
The lira or pound is the currency of Lebanon. It was formerly divided into 100 piastres but, because of high inflation during the Lebanese Civil War, subunits were discontinued.
The plural of lira is either lirat or invariant, whilst there are four forms for qirsh: the dual qirshān used with number 2, the plural qurush used with numbers 3–10, the accusative singular qirshan used with 11–99, and the genitive singular qirsh used with multiples of 100. The number determines which plural form is used. All of Lebanon's coins and banknotes are bilingual in Arabic and French.
From December 1997 through January 2023, the exchange rate was fixed at LL 1,507.50 per US dollar. However, since the 2020 economic crisis in Lebanon, exchange at this rate was generally unavailable, and an informal currency market developed with much higher exchange rates. On 1 February 2023, the Central Bank reset the currency peg at LL 15,000 per US dollar. By mid-March 2023, the "parallel market" rate had fallen to LL 100,000 per dollar. Wikipedia