The Purple Pilgrim by PhiGammaDelta

THE PURPLE PILGRIM The Handbook for Lifetime Membership in Phi Gamma Delta

THE FRATERNITY OF PHI GAMMA DELTA

1201 Red Mile Road, P.O. Box 4599, Lexington, Kentucky 40544-4599 859.255.1848 | phigam@phigam.org | www.phigam.org Published 2023

To you, the Purple Pilgrim, as you experience your own lifelong adventure in Phi Gamma Delta, this volume is fraternally dedicated. Name: ________________________________________________ College/University: _____________________________________ Chapter Greek Name: ___________________________________ Date of Initiation: ______________________________________ Membership Number* __________________________________

* A unique 7-digit membership number is assigned to each initiate of the Fraternity.

This number can be found on the mailing label of an initiated brother’s copy of The Phi Gamma Delta magazine. You will begin receiving the magazine at the address you input when completing your member registration.

Mission Phi Gamma Delta unites men in enduring friendships, stimulates the pursuit of knowledge, and builds courageous leaders who serve the world with the best that is in them.

Vision To be an active, vital force of men who courageously live our values and make a positive impact on college and community. Knowledge, understanding and appreciation of Fraternity history, beliefs and ideals are crucial in preparing men for a lifetime of membership. Only when these facets are clearly understood will a man fully grasp the true meaning and importance of his initiation into Phi Gamma Delta. The Purple Pilgrim is a comprehensive introduction to the public aspects of the Fraternity. Its purpose is self-evident: to prepare the new member for membership in Phi Gamma Delta.

Phi Gamma Delta Brothers’ Bill of Rights As a member in Phi Gamma Delta, the educational program in which you participate should allow you to: • Achieve the highest scholarship which you are capable. • Gain fundamental knowledge of the history and organization of the chapter, Fraternity and the college/university. • Develop an understanding of Phi Gamma Delta’s values and the correlation of your personal values with those of the Fraternity. • Demonstrate friendship and provide a conduit to build strong, lasting friendships. • Understand the benefits and responsibilities of membership in Phi Gamma Delta. • Develop organizational and leadership skills through responsibility and accountability. You have the right now to participate in activities which you feel uncomfortable with or you believe may involve hazing. Hazing in any form is prohibited by the Bylaws of the Fraternity. You should NOT be required or suggested to participate in any activity which: • Is illegal, immoral, violates the Student Code of Conduct on your campus or reflects negatively upon you, your chapter or the Fraternity. • Interferes with your academic pursuits or causes you to be ill prepared for academic courses. • Treats you as a second-class citizen, in a degrading manner or requires you to relinquish your rights as an individual. • Forces or suggests you consume alcohol or provide alcohol to others. • In any way places you in physical danger or has the potential to be unsafe. • Does not allow you to get normal amounts of sleep or will require unreasonable amounts of time. • Involves pranks such as stealing, scavenger hunts, ‘kidnapping’, vandalizing property or harassing others. • Requires you to participate in calisthenics of any form, ‘line ups’ or other confrontational questioning activities. • Involves performing personal services for brothers including, but not limited to, cleaning, running errands or acting as a chauffeur.

If you have questions about your chapter’s member education program, communicate these to your chapter’s Purple Legionnaire and/or the Fraternity Headquarters at 859-255-1848.

Report Hazing Phi Gamma Delta participates in the National Anti-Hazing Hotline. The toll-free number is 1-888-NOTHAZE (1-888-6684293). The line is available to those who think they, or students they know, have been or may be made victims of hazing. Callers may remain anonymous or they can provide personal information so their concerns can be responded to directly. Additionally, if you have any hazing concerns, you can report them on Phi Gamma Delta’s Hazing Concerns Reporting Form at www.phigam.org/ ReportHazing.

Table of Contents

Welcome to Phi Gamma Delta......................... 8

Scholarship - A Phi Gam’s Top Priority....... 20

III

The Values of Phi Gamma Delta.................... 27

North American College Fraternities........... 42

The Phi Gamma Delta Story.......................... 53

Organization of the Fraternity...................... 66

Congratulations! / Welcome to Phi Gamma Delta........................ 9 Introduction to Member Education................................................11 From Initiation to Graduation: A Shared Responsibility...........12 Responsibilities of Membership........................................................13 Standards of Membership / Your Mentor......................................16 Chapter Meeting Participation / The Importance of.................17 Positive Member Education Hazing Defined / Your College...........................................................18 Fraternally Speaking.............................................................................19 Set Yourself Up for Success.................................................................21 Choosing Your Course of Study / Setting Your............................22 Academic Goals / Time Management Success Is in Your Hands / How to Study.......................................24 Take Advantage of Available Assistance / Performing.............25 at Test Time What Are Values? / Why Are Values Important?..........................28 How Do We Develop Our Values? / What Are Your.....................29 Values? / The Values of Phi Gamma Delta Discovering Your Values.......................................................................30 Phi Gamma Delta’s Guide to Daily Action.....................................40 Building Courageous Leaders............................................................41 Phi Beta Kappa, The First Greek Letter Society /.........................44 Union College, the Mother of Fraternities The “Miami Triad” / The “Jefferson Duo”..........................................45 Southern Foundings.............................................................................46 20th Century Growth............................................................................47 Obstacles Abound / Women’s Groups............................................48 What’s in a Name?..................................................................................49 Insignia / North American Interfraternity Conference..............50 Terminology / Interfraternal Relationships...................................51 “The Apostle of the West” / Old Jefferson College.....................54 The Log Cabin..........................................................................................55 The Literary Societies / The Founding of Phi................................56 Gamma Delta The “Immortal Six”..................................................................................57 Era of Early Growth / New Chapters................................................63 Phi Gamma Delta in Canada / Modern Times..............................64 Volunteer Organizational Chart........................................................67

Ekklesia / Academy................................................................................68 Archons......................................................................................................69 International Headquarters Staff......................................................70 Financial Advisory Board.....................................................................71 Board of Conduct / Appointed Volunteer Leaders.....................72 Section Leader / Purple Legionnaire / Board of..........................73 Chapter Advisors / House Corporation 1848 Properties / Housing Committee / Educational...............74 Foundation Active Chapters & Provisional Chapters.........................................76

Table of Contents

VII Fiji Heritage - Customs & Traditions............ 80 Perge! / Origins of “Fiji”.........................................................................81 Pig Dinner.................................................................................................82 Founders Day / “Gamma” / Coat of Arms.......................................83 Badge / Seal / Greek Letters...............................................................84 Flag / Official Color & Flower / Spirituality / Songs....................85 Legacies / “Delta” / The Phi Gamma Delta Magazine..................87 Honors & Awards....................................................................................88

VIII Earning Your Badge Every Day...................... 91 Your Chapter............................................................................................92 Chapter Organization...........................................................................93 Dynamic Recruitment...........................................................................94 Scholarship / Graduate Relations.....................................................96 Social...........................................................................................................97 Risk Management / Alcohol-Free Housing...................................98 Community Service & Philanthropy / Campus............................99 Involvement Athletics.................................................................................................. 100

Your Development in Phi Gamma Delta... 101

Not For College Days Alone.......................... 109

Values-Based Leadership.................................................................. 102 The Leadership Institute................................................................... 103 Gentlemen of Quality........................................................................ 104 Respect the Dignity of All Persons................................................ 106 Tough Brotherhood............................................................................ 107 Three Decisions.................................................................................... 110 Lifetime Commitment / Hands-on Involvement..................... 111 Financial Support................................................................................ 112 Graduate Chapters / Communication / Silver, Gold............... 113 & Diamond Owls Sires & Sons / Archon Presidents................................................... 114 Famous Fijis........................................................................................... 116

Index................................................................. 122 7

WELCOME TO PHI GAMMA DELTA

Phi Gamma Delta chapters provide a welcoming atmosphere for young men interested in developing lifelong friendships, pursuing academic excellence and living the life of a gentleman. Your Phi Gamma Delta journey begins here.

Congratulations! It is a great honor that you have been selected for membership in Phi Gamma Delta. The Fraternity is proud to have you wear our badge as a symbol of your commitment. Just as you have made an oath to support the Fraternity and its members, the Fraternity aims to do all it can to enable you to make the most of this exciting adventure in your life. Phi Gamma Delta asks two things of you: 1. Reach your full potential during your years in college. Be the best you can be academically and in all aspects of your college experience. 2. Make a commitment to your Fraternity. Get involved! Make the most of the personal development opportunities available to you through involvement in your chapter. The more time and effort you put into the Fraternity, the more benefits you will receive from membership in Phi Gamma Delta. It is our sincere hope that you will proudly wear the black diamond signifying your commitment as an initiated brother in Phi Gamma Delta. Welcome to the best.

Welcome to Phi Gamma Delta On behalf of more than 208,000 brothers who have been initiated into our Fraternity, welcome to Phi Gamma Delta. You have joined a premier fraternal organization built upon the strength of five values: Friendship, Knowledge, Service, Morality and Excellence. The Phi Gam experience is an exercise in the brotherhood of mankind – sharing and caring for each other, setting and achieving goals, accepting personal and group responsibility and challenging each member to achieve his full potential and serve others with all that is in him. The investments you make of time and talent will determine the rewards you gain from your membership. Your involvement does not, and should not, end upon graduation. You should become involved in your chapter’s activities as an undergraduate brother and remain involved with any Phi Gam chapter as a graduate brother. One of the important sayings in our Fraternity is “Phi Gamma Delta…Not for College Days Alone.”

Phi Gamma Delta at a Glance Phi Gamma Delta is an international men’s fraternity with chapters located in the United States and Canada.

Founded May 1, 1848 Jefferson College Canonsburg, PA

Values • Friendship • Knowledge • Service • Morality • Excellence

Tag Line Building Courageous Leaders

Membership • 208,000+ initiated brothers since the founding in 1848 • 8,500+ undergraduate brothers located on approximately 142 campuses • 138,000+ living graduate brothers

Mottos • Not For College Days Alone • Perge! / Press on!

The Founders of Phi Gamma Delta were dedicated to creating a strong, viable fraternity that would complement the academic 9

mission of each host institution where our white star shines. Your part in helping us achieve this lofty goal is significant. This manual has been written to assist you in learning about the mission, values and history of Phi Gamma Delta, as well as its organizational structure, brothers, publications, insignia and traditions. Through your new member education program, you will be provided with additional information pertaining to the history of your own chapter, its methods of operation and other material that will help you become a more well-rounded Phi Gam.

The Fraternity’s first Headquarters office was in Washington, DC, until 1973 when it was moved to Lexington, Kentucky. Learn more about your International Fraternity in Chapter VI.

The Phi Gamma Delta Club of New York, a favorite gathering place of Phi Gams at one time. 10

You have accepted an important responsibility. The future growth, strength and viability of this Fraternity now rests in your hands and those of all initiated brothers. More than 208,000 brothers have built what is now yours to develop, grow and protect. Welcome and best wishes as you embark upon a lifetime of brotherhood in Phi Gamma Delta.

The International Headquarters office is located at 1201 Red Mile Road, Lexington, Kentucky.

• Mailing address: PO Box 4599, Lexington, KY 40544-4599 • Phone: 859-255-1848 • Email: phigam@phigam.org • Website: www.phigam.org

Introduction to the Fraternity The Purple Pilgrim is your introduction to the Fraternity. Throughout its pages, you will get an overview of what the Fraternity believes is important to all members.

The Purple Pilgrim In the fall of 1941, the first edition of The Purple Pilgrim was issued to educate new members. Prior to that time, new member education was conducted via the book A Course in Freshman Training that Phi Gamma Delta produced beginning in 1922.

In addition to answering questions about chapter and fraternity organization and operations, this book presents the ideals and values of Phi Gamma Delta. It makes known the basic expectations and responsibilities of membership. As you learn how to be a good member, you will become aware of the many opportunities to develop your leadership abilities. Phi Gamma Delta is more than a social organization. It’s more than a place to live and meet people. The Fraternity provides you with many opportunities for growth and for personal and career development. Throughout your fraternity experience, you can learn much to supplement the instruction you receive in the classroom. Consider fraternity your life laboratory for learning outside of the classroom. In addition to encouraging good scholarship, the Fraternity helps you understand more about human relations and about yourself. The practical learning experiences from participation in chapter and campus activities can benefit a man for a lifetime. The choice is yours to take advantage of the many personal development opportunities. Will you be an observer who sits on the sidelines and benefits little from his association with the Fraternity? Or will you be an active, engaged participant who gets involved and develops his leadership abilities? The decision is yours.

The Purpose of Member Education The basic goals of Foundation of Courage - the education and acclimation program for our newest members - is preparing men for membership in Phi Gamma Delta. This serves many beneficial purposes for the chapters new members and members, including:

What Is a Fraternity? “A fraternity is an association of men, selected in their college days by democratic processes, because of their adherence to common ideals and aspirations. “Out of their association arises a personal relation which makes them unselfishly seek to advance one another in the arts of life and to add, to the formal instruction of the college curriculum, the culture and character which men acquire by contact with great personalities, or when admitted to the partnership of great traditions. “A fraternity, too, is of such character that after men have left college, they delight to renew their own youth by continued association with it and to bring their richest experiences back to the younger generation in part payment of the debt which they feel themselves to owe to the fraternity for what it gave them through their formative years.”

Newton D. Baker (Johns Hopkins 1892, Washington & Lee 1894): Secretary of War 1916-21; President of Phi Gamma Delta 1905-10 11

• Educating our newest members about the workings of the Fraternity. • Beginning to learn about the history, ideals, organization and operations of Phi Gamma Delta. • Developing an understanding of the importance of personal values and an awareness and appreciation of the values upon which Phi Gamma Delta was founded. “I am happy that I had the good fortune to be a member of Phi Gamma Delta. As a young man I was shy, backward and bashful. I had an inferiority complex. I went into a group of young men, every one of which became not only a brother, but a dear friend of a lifetime. Thinking back on that undergraduate experience, what a privilege it is to associate, at that time in my life, intimate, day and night, with a group of men, because they brought me out of myself. They taught me to be a man.”

• Building relationships and becoming an integral part of his chapter from the start. • Making the new member aware of his responsibilities and obligations to the Fraternity and his chapter.

Our goal is to see you become a productive and integral part of Phi Gamma Delta.

• Creating an awareness of the many personal development opportunities available through the chapter and campus activities. This educational period also enables the chapter’s members to guide, teach and develop the prospective member by preparing him for membership.

From Initiation to Graduation: A Shared Responsibility You have entered a powerful new relationship with a group of men of similar ideals and values within Phi Gamma Delta. The power in any organization comes from the capacity relationships generate. Your power and ability to carry out the function of fraternity are enhanced through the relationships created between you and the brothers of your chapter. The Fraternity views your development and growth as a shared relationship between you and your chapter. To be a successful relationship, both parties need to be satisfied with their relationship and the commitment level to each other. It becomes a matter of trust.

Dr. Norman Vincent Peale (Ohio Wesleyan 1920): Christian minister & author, “The Power of Positive Thinking” 12

Recognizing this is your goal as well, it behooves you and the brothers of your chapter to work diligently to make certain this happens. If you fail to grow and develop throughout your undergraduate career, someone has failed, both the chapter and you. Your chapter

will invest in you, but you must also invest in your chapter and its members. To achieve your goal, you must bring your best to Phi Gamma Delta. Come as a learner with curiosity and questions. Think of the Fraternity as an opportunity to grow, learn, serve and impact others. Here are some ways you can do your part: • Make a commitment to learn the history, traditions and organization of your chapter and the Fraternity. • Learn, understand and live by the values of Phi Gamma Delta. • Take a sincere interest in your chapter and its members. • Make a commitment to take advantage of the numerous opportunities for leadership and growth, both formally and informally. • Place the Fraternity above any selfish interests and commit to setting a higher standard for your chapter. • Most importantly, make certain your academic performance reflects the excellence expected from the Fraternity and your chapter. It will not be easy. Expect challenges. The brothers of your chapter have high expectations for your performance. The crossbar of excellence is raised very high in Phi Gamma Delta. We require academic success. We demand morality. We expect brotherly feelings in both acts and words.

Responsibilities of Membership

“Success does not come easily, and the price is often dear. Success comes as a result of dedication, perseverance, a dream and commitment to that dream. You will have to pay the price. You must make an investment in the future, not in money, but in attitude and commitment.”

Membership in Phi Gamma Delta is a privilege that carries with it many important responsibilities. When you accept the invitation to join, you obligate yourself to measure up to the expectations and standards of a brother. Here are six key responsibilities of brothers.

1. Achieve Academic Excellence Scholarship is a college man’s top priority. You go to college to get an education. Nothing should be permitted to interfere with your basic purpose of attending and succeeding in college. Fulfill the pursuit of your college education to the best of your ability. Maximize your potential to learn. Academic excellence is your first responsibility as a college student and fraternity member. Your education is a basis for success throughout life. In Phi Gamma Delta one of our slogans about priorities reads simply: Scholarship, Fraternity, Self.

Bobby Rahal (Denison 1975): Race car driver and owner (shown receiving Phi Gamma Delta’s Distinguished Fiji Award) 13

Making the grade as a brother starts with your personal commitment to academic excellence and the development of your whole mind.

Nothing should be permitted to interfere that will in any way deter or defeat your basic purpose of attending and succeeding in college.

2. Act Responsibly

FIJI Badge on the Moon From an August 30, 1966, letter to the Fraternity: “It is with great pride that I took the badge of our Fraternity - Phi Gamma Delta - into space with me on the historic flight of Gemini IX. Throughout history, Fijis have always been the first and finest. I am only glad that I’ve had the opportunity to contribute to the tradition. It proves once again that our white star truly does shine down from above.”

Members and new members of Phi Gamma Delta are expected to conduct themselves as gentlemen. Members should defend the standards of honor, morality and fair play as strongly as the most idealistic initiate. Each brother must accept responsibility for himself and his actions. He conducts himself as a gentleman. He exhibits desirable qualities including integrity, sound judgment and loyalty. He demonstrates courteous behavior toward others which reflects positively on himself and Phi Gamma Delta. He rejects behavior which is injurious to himself, including the use of illegal substances and the abuse of legal substances. Every act of every brother carries with it the reputation of Phi Gamma Delta. Fraternity men know the irresponsibility of one man can destroy what has taken years to build. You must keep careful watch over your personal conduct. At all times consider yourself a walking advertisement of your Fraternity and all fraternities. You can affect the public opinion of fraternities with your behavior. In recent years, parents, college and university officials, the media and society in general have scrutinized fraternities and sororities. All are questioning the positive value of the Greek system. Too often the news is filled with reports of hazing, drinking and poor grades. It goes without saying that steps must be taken to change the negative perceptions. However, any improvement relies primarily on the conduct of individual fraternity members.

3. Learn Phi Gamma Delta

Gene Cernan (Purdue 1956) carried his Phi Gam badge to the moon with him on the Apollo 17 mission. 14

An expectation for every member is an understanding and appreciation of Phi Gamma Delta internationally and locally. This includes Fraternity values, history, traditions, organization and operations. Only through learning this will you comprehend the true greatness of the Fraternity. This knowledge will enable you to appreciate the Fraternity and to benefit from your lifelong experience in Phi Gamma Delta.

Your brothers will see that you are taught these things. The Purple Pilgrim was created to facilitate this learning process. Ask lots of questions. Do your best to understand the procedures and traditions both of your chapter and the Fraternity.

4. Get Involved A man should not join a fraternity unless he can give a reasonable amount of time to its affairs. If you’re interested in your Fraternity, you will take the initiative to fill a needed role in your chapter. The brothers who get the greatest benefit from membership in Phi Gamma Delta are those who make a personal investment of interest, time and effort through chapter involvement. This involves serving on committees, attending meetings or becoming a chapter officer. Let your talents and abilities work for your chapter. Your Fraternity is a practical laboratory for trying, testing and learning through doing. The Fraternity offers many great opportunities for personal development, both informally and formally. The adage, “one gets out of something in proportion to what he puts into it” is especially true with your college fraternity experience.

5. Meet Your Financial Obligations One of the most important expectations of the Fraternity is your financial obligation. It takes money to run a fraternity. Your chapter cannot function properly if you neglect your financial responsibility. This holds true for every member of your chapter. To put it simply, always pay your fraternity dues and expect the same commitment from your chapter brothers. Brotherhood begins when brothers pay their financial obligations.

6. Replace Yourself The lifeblood of Phi Gamma Delta or any fraternity is the recruitment of new members into our organization. In Phi Gamma Delta, we use the slogan Replace Yourself. This simple statement incites every member to meet the basic obligation to replace himself with at least one new recruit every year. Sometimes brothers make the mistake of assuming that Recruitment is the recruitment is the sole responsibility of the recruitment responsibility of every brother. chairman or his committee. This is far from the truth. It is also the single most Recruitment is the responsibility of every brother. It important activity in every Phi is also the single most important activity in every Phi Gamma Delta chapter. Gamma Delta chapter. The opportunity to meet men of high character never stops, and this recruitment never stops. It is constant.

A man usually joins a particular fraternity based on the relationships he develops with a small number of members. In many cases, one man can make the difference in influencing a prospect to join the Fraternity. That one man could be you. You will make many new friends during college. Phi Gamma Delta simply asks that you invite them to learn more about Phi Gamma Delta so that they may consider membership. 15

Standards of Membership Quality organizations like Phi Gamma Delta achieve success because they maintain high standards. Similarly, Phi Gamma Delta has several standards related to membership in our Fraternity: • There are only two categories of membership in Phi Gamma Delta, undergraduate and graduate brothers. • “Inactive” status does not exist in Phi Gamma Delta. • To be initiated, a man must have a 2.5+ college GPA or 3.0+ high school GPA. (Many chapters adopt an even higher standard than this as a part of their chapter bylaws.) • Phi Gams are allowed, and encouraged, to join professional and honorary societies. • Any initiated brother may resign from the Fraternity or may be expelled from the Fraternity for any of several counts, including disloyalty, betrayal of secrets, failure to observe the oaths and obligations of membership, inexcusable financial delinquency or repeated violations of Fraternity or chapter laws. • Phi Gamma Delta does have provisions for the initiation of graduates, university faculty and staff members. The Fraternity encourages the recruitment, involvement and initiation of university faculty/staff members.

Your Mentor One of the most important relationships you can have is with your mentor in the chapter. This is a member of your chapter who will give you support, provide encouragement, and offer information to help you when you first join and through your undergraduate career. A solid relationship between a mentor and his mentee is vital for the success of this important program. To provide understanding, examples of the specific responsibilities of each party to this relationship follow.

The Mentor Should:

A mentor can provide valuable guidance, direction and support • Consistently represent the values of Phi Gamma to his mentee. Delta. • Be at or above the all-campus GPA. • Be in good standing with the chapter. Have a zero account balance on his chapter bill. • Serve as a positive role model for his mentee. • Have similar fraternal and/or personal interests to his mentee. • Monitor his mentee’s academic performance. • Assist with the mentee’s social adjustment within the chapter and on campus. • Establish a relationship with the mentee’s parents. • Act as a sounding board for his mentee when needed. • Provide his mentee with an introduction to chapter customs and traditions. • Have at least weekly interaction with his mentee.

The Mentee Should: • Interact with his mentor at least once per week. • Expect continuous involvement from his mentor. • Discuss any difficulties and problems with his mentor. • Use his mentor as a guide and link for fraternal, academic and social issues.

Chapter Meeting Participation Members are expected to participate in all chapter meetings. Attendance at these meetings from the very beginning provides a sense of familiarity with the structure, organization and leadership of the chapter. All meetings will follow an agenda like the one below: • Call to Order and Singing the Doxology • Attendance and Excuses for Absence • Calendar Review and Upcoming Events • Committee Updates • Guest Speaker • Weekly Education Review and Discussion • Announcements • Remarks & Criticisms for the Good of the Fraternity

The Importance of Positive Member Education Member education should be a positive experience. It consists of learning exercises, shared experiences and the development of new friendships – all working toward the development of men with a commitment to lifelong membership. Being the newest member of the chapter is not an excuse for subjecting you to meaningless tasks and activities, nor does it license members to humiliate or otherwise physically or mentally persecute you. Hazing is neither appropriate nor acceptable. Such activity directly conflicts with the Fraternity’s Laws and is antithetical to its values. Hazing is any effort to demean or discipline fellow students by forcing them to engage in ridiculous, humiliating and/or painful

Hazing is neither appropriate nor acceptable. Such activity directly conflicts with the laws and brotherly spirit of the Fraternity.

Punishment for Hazing Members or chapters found guilty of hazing are subject to disciplinary action. Any member found guilty of hazing which causes or which could have caused physical, mental or emotional harm, or involves the forced or suggested consumption of alcohol, drugs, or any other substance is subject to penalties including Suspension of Membership up to and including expulsion. Any chapter found guilty of hazing which causes or which could have caused physical, mental or emotional harm, or involves the forced or suggested consumption of alcohol, drugs, or any other substance is subject to penalties ranging from suspension to revocation of the charter.

Report Hazing If you have any hazing concerns, you can report them on Phi Gamma Delta’s Hazing Concerns Reporting Form at www.phigam.org/ ReportHazing. 17

activities. Although the risks and impropriety of hazing should be self-evident, some fraternity members continue to defy Fraternity Laws by maintaining such practices for the sake of development of brotherhood or unity. Phi Gamma Delta vehemently condemns and prohibits hazing of any kind. It is totally unacceptable and should not be tolerated by any member or his chapter. If you are experiencing any form of hazing or are uncomfortable at any time in your new member education program, you should contact the International Headquarters at 859-255-1848 immediately. Phi Gamma Delta also participates in the National Anti-Hazing Hotline. The line is available to those who think they, or students they know, have been or may be victims of hazing. Callers may remain anonymous, or they can provide contact information so their concerns can be responded to directly. The toll-free number is 1-888-NOT-HAZE (1-888-668-4293).

Hazing Defined: No chapter, provisional chapter, undergraduate or graduate brother shall require, allow or participate in any hazing ceremony or activity. Hazing is any action taken or situation created intentionally that causes embarrassment, harassment or ridicule and risks physical, emotional and/or mental harm, regardless of the person’s willingness to participate to join or retain membership. Hazing includes, but is not limited to, activities and/or requirements imposed on individuals or groups which: a. Violate federal, state, provincial, or local laws, or college/university or Fraternity policies b. Knowingly or recklessly subjects a person(s) to unreasonable risk of physical, mental or emotional harm or humiliation c. Involve the forced or suggested consumption of alcohol or drugs, or any other substance in any non-customary manner d. Involve or threaten brutality of a physical or mental nature e. Are demeaning and/or humiliating f. Adversely affect a person’s well-being and/or academic performance g. Impose undue hardship or abridge any rights

Your College Phi Gamma Delta unequivocally insists that the first loyalty of every Fiji is to his alma mater. You will find no conflict between the loyalty demanded by Phi Gamma Delta and that properly expected by your college. The two proceed side-by-side, hand-in-hand with each other. Knowing the brother who sets out to be a truly loyal college man will find himself becoming a loyal fraternity man, Phi Gamma Delta urges its members to acquaint themselves with the important facts about their host institutions. Every Phi Gamma Delta should be well-versed in the history of his college and be an active and contributing part of campus life. Phi Gamma Deltas tend to be leaders in all areas of campus, such as athletics, student government, scholarship and community service. 18

Fraternally Speaking Timeless Words of Wisdom for Phi Gams

William S. Zerman Sr. (Michigan 1949), Executive Director 1959 - 1986 1. Attitudes are contagious. 2. You can get anything in life if you help others get what they want. 3. If you want to win…surround yourself with winners. 4. There is never a wrong time to do the right thing. 5. It’s not hard to make a decision when you know what your values are. 6. It’s easy to be average…we need to do the extra things to win or to achieve. 7. The highest reward that God gives us for good work is the ability to do better. 8. Aim high so you will never be bored. 9. If you think you can, there is a good chance you will. 10. Take responsibility for what you do. 11. Life without commitment is superficial and unsatisfying. 12. Team spirit will give your organization an enormous edge on your competition. 13. Your enthusiasm will make for a winning combination in anything you do. 14. Most of us expect too much from others and not enough from ourselves. 15. Offer an alternative. 16. Give more than they ask. Give what they expect and then some. > A memorial bronze plaque explains the garden’s significance to the Fraternity.

Zerman Memorial Garden With the passing of long-time Executive Director Bill Zerman in late February 2007, a memorial garden was established on the grounds of the International Headquarters in Lexington. A garden was fitting as a memorial because Bill himself was always a meticulous grounds keeper of his own lawn, and it greatly enhances the appearance of the Headquarters property. And it memorializes both Bill and his wife, Marian, for he could not have committed himself so totally to Phi Gamma Delta for 29 years without Marian’s love and support.

SCHOLARSHIP A FIJI’S TOP PRIORITY

Scholarship, Fraternity, Self. When you accept membership in Phi Gamma Delta, you make a commitment to achieve your very best in the classroom. College and fraternity go together in developing men to their fullest potential.

ince our founding, Phi Gamma Delta has placed an emphasis on academic excellence. After all, it is the primary reason why you are enrolled in college. You have likely heard this statement hundreds of times, “You came to college to get an education. Studying needs to be your top priority.” Your parents have told you. Your teachers have told you. Your fraternity brothers have told you. In truth, while there are students who can always keep academics at the top of their agendas, the average student is surrounded by many distractions: social opportunities, involvement in student organizations, a significant other, a job and leadership obligations within the Fraternity. Even in college, where academic pursuits are the backbone of existence, studying often seems the least attractive way to spend time. The fact that you sought out a fraternity might mean you have a desire to do something in addition to studying during your time at college. However, be warned. A great number of college graduates admit that they could have finished college with a lot more, if only they had tried a little harder to manage their priorities. Now they spend most of their time trying to compete for promotions with people who always seem a little “sharper” or more “disciplined” in their rise to the top. A great deal is riding on your academic performance. Indeed your GPA is the most important measurable index of your academic ability. Regardless of what you might have heard, graduate schools and employers look closely at grades. The best positions go to those who can demonstrate the ability to excel in all areas, in and out of the classroom.

“The pursuit of academic excellence is the most fundamental and important purpose of the college experience. Only by making scholarship our highest priority, individually and as a chapter, can we achieve the most for our colleges, our brothers and ourselves.”

Set Yourself Up for Success It is possible to be involved with your Fraternity and other activities and get good grades. If you are willing to work hard and create a balanced set of priorities, then you will be able to fit more into the 168 hours you are allotted every week. Many of Phi Many of Phi Gamma Delta’s Gamma Delta’s best scholars best scholars also serve as are also serving as Chapter Chapter officers, hold down officers, holding down partpart-time jobs, serve the time jobs, serving the comcommunity and participate munity and participating in in other extracurricular other extracurricular activities. activities. It is often said that if you need

David Elmore (Indiana 1955): Archon President 1988-90 21

something done, find the brother who is the most involved and he will get it done. In many ways, the same holds true for scholastic success. Why is this so? Why doesn’t all this extra activity reduce the chances of success? The answer is that when you must organize your efforts, set goals for yourself, avoid wasting time and do well at the things that really count, you become better at almost everything you do.

Choosing Your Course of Study One challenge for many students is simply deciding what to study in college. For a period, this is fine. You may need time to explore the numerous possibilities to make a decision that is right for you. But do not put this decision off for long. It is a very important decision. Talk to your fraternity brothers about their majors and graduate brothers about possible careers and what courses of study would best prepare you for such a career. If your chapter benefits from the involvement of a scholarship advisor, this person may be a valuable resource. Your campus likely has a career center which may offer information on potential career paths. One important reality of our world today is that few college students will find one career path and stay with it all their working lives. Change is a part of our world, and college graduates will likely change their whole careers several times. Thus, while it is important to find a course of study that best fits your interests and future career plans, the mere fact that you are pursuing a college degree is significant.

Setting Your Academic Goals When it comes to the four- or five-year pursuit of a college degree, it is important to begin with the end firmly in mind. With what GPA do you wish to graduate? To get started in a good career, a 3.0 or “B” average or better is desirable. What grades will you need each term to achieve your overall goal? What will you need to earn in each class to hit the mark? How is each class graded and what will you need on individual exams or papers to score well in the course? An overall GPA can easily be broken down into individual terms, classes and examinations. You need goals to know where you’re going in the process of your education. When you know what you want to achieve, you can set your mind to it, create a plan and do it. Setting specific measurable goals is one of the strongest ways to motivate yourself to study efficiently and effectively.

Goal setting is an important initial step to achieving academic success.

Time Management To accomplish your purposes for being in college and to succeed in other important activities, you cannot be passive. You must be in control of what you do with your time by making conscious choices. In other words, you must do well at managing yourself in the time available to you.

Most people are surprised at how much they can get The biggest enemy to your success done if they simply take a few moments each night in the classroom is an inability to to write down the things they need to get done the plan out your time. following day. Some well-organized students carry daily and weekly planners and write out all their “time consumers” ahead of time. Being able to anticipate “time consumers,” so you can make appropriate choices about how you will use your time, is critical to success.

The biggest enemy to your success in the classroom is an inability to plan out your time. The best and worst thing about college is the fact that there is always something to do. Being involved in a fraternity only increases these opportunities. Because of this, students often fall into the trap of over committing themselves. Sometimes you just have to say “no” to a lot of things that you would like to do. Remember, fraternity is meant to supplement your college education, not detract from it. The key to time management is finding balance. While it may seem like a challenge to balance the many priorities in a fraternity man’s life, many do it successfully. It is a skill that will serve you well throughout life. Your challenge is to find balance in your academic, fraternity, personal and job time.

Academic Time A certain percentage of your time must be dedicated to purely academic pursuits. This includes going to class, working on papers and other assignments, reading and studying for exams. It is important that you have the discipline to find time every day for your academic pursuits. A good rule of thumb is to go to the library or other conducive study area for at least 1-2 hours per day. Some brothers will need much more than this time allotment per day to complete their work, and there are sometimes when everyone will need more time than this. Give yourself time to meet your professors. Sometimes simply touching base with a professor or a graduate assistant can increase your chances for a better understanding of the material. If you find that you are having difficulty in class, seek assistance. Whether it is a tutor, your mentor in the Fraternity or resources available through your college, sometimes you must ask for help. The bottom line: if you need help, ask for it.

Fraternity Time College life offers plenty of opportunities to grow socially. By joining a fraternity, you will have even more chances to enjoy these opportunities. Keep it in perspective and keep it in check. There will be time consumed through your involvement in the Fraternity. Depending upon your involvement level, this could mean time spent on committee work, planning and setting up certain functions, playing an intramural sport, attending mandatory meetings, assisting the brothers with a service project and socializing. In addition to your time spent on Fraternity activities, be sure to program into your calendar time for the various non-fraternity activities you may enjoy. If you are involved in varsity sports or another club or organization, mark in a fair amount of time on your calendar for these pursuits. 23

Scholarship, Fraternity, Self

Personal Time You should give yourself an hour or two each day for the personal things we all take for granted. These might include running errands, going for a run or to the gym, shopping, doing laundry, visiting with friends, calling home, or getting a bite to eat. This time is important to your wellbeing. You can’t be at your best if you don’t have some “down time” in your life. Do not neglect to schedule some time for yourself every day.

Job Time

“While we Phi Gams are united by friendship, it is our commitment to academic excellence which aligns us with the mission of our host institutions and ultimately justifies our existence as a part of the higher education community.”

Many college students seek part-time employment to help defray the cost of tuition or other living expenses. You may well be one of those students who is employed while pursuing a degree. If you must work, it is best that you find a job where you can learn skills that will help you later in the job market. At a minimum, find a job that allows you to utilize or practice skills A part-time job in college is you already possess. A equivalent to adding 3-6 credit part-time job in college hours to your workload. is equivalent to adding 3-6 credit hours to your workload.

Success Is in Your Hands The first step to academic success is to set your sights on a course of study you enjoy with goals you can accomplish. You then must set aside the time you need to thrive. Now, adopt proper study methods and get help when you need it. You will be on the path to success.

How to Study Every person has his own preferences when it comes to studying. Part of the key is finding out what works best for you. You should try to find some type of organized routine or system for your study work. Since you are no longer in high school, the academic challenge you face is much greater.

Douglas Dittrick (Ohio Wesleyan 1955): Archon President 1996-98; Educational Foundation President 2004-06 24

• Attend all classes. There is no better way to understand material than to attend (and pay attention during) class. Most have the greatest success when they prepare in advance, participate during class and review afterwards. • Keep up with your reading. By doing this, you will avoid taking useless notes in class and it will help you make more sense of your lectures.

• Take good notes. Material written down in your own handwriting will help your understanding of the lecture. Look for signals or cues from your professor as to what will be important to note. • Study in a quiet place and at the right time. While everyone has a personal preference, and some study better with music playing, you will want to avoid distractions to your studying. Others use their dorm room or room in the chapter house. Some utilize the library or study area in the chapter house. Find your special place where you can concentrate and be comfortable. Do not put off studying until nighttime. As a college student, your evening will typically be the busiest time of the day. Mornings, weekends or breaks throughout your day can be particularly good times for study. • Avoid all-nighters. Study, sleep, review and then take your exam. A good night’s sleep before an exam will serve you much better than cramming in the final hours. • Most importantly, create a study routine that works for you. Master it and repeat your success formula class after class, semester after semester. In doing so, you will increase your chances to truly “make the grade” when it comes to academics.

Take Advantage of Available Assistance Colleges and universities offer countless tutoring and resource centers. There may be general writing and math labs, as well as subject-specific opportunities offered in your department. What most students don’t realize is that you are already paying for these services with your tuition and fees! These centers also tend to offer seminars on topics like time management and study skills. Your chapter brothers are also an invaluable academic resource. Many brothers may have already taken some of your courses and may have prior class notes and exams to review and help you study. Finally, utilize your chapter’s Scholarship Advisor. He/she is in place to help you and your brothers achieve academically and can offer more personalized support than you might find from other campus resources.

Performing at Test Time Many students get very nervous before an exam. This nervousness is extremely counterproductive. You should do everything you can to relax before taking an exam. When you get your exam, take a few moments to look over it completely. There may be a part that you find less difficult. If so, do that portion first. It will get your brain rolling and will boost your confidence. Pace yourself, but do not hurry through the exam. If time permits, go back and look over your answers. Multiple choice questions are very common, and if you have studied well, your first hunch will probably give you the correct answer. If you spend too much time analyzing every possibility, you will talk yourself into the wrong answer. On essays, do not try to rewrite the entire textbook. Before starting, organize your thoughts with a short set of notes on a piece of scrap paper. Your first paragraph should be a short introduction, followed by paragraphs that answer all parts of the question. Finish with a summary paragraph. 25

Phi Gamma Delta was the first and only fraternity to have Justices on both the United States Supreme Court and the Supreme Court of Canada presiding simultaneously.

Byron White (Colorado 1938): Former U.S. Supreme Court Justice

There is a misconception that “more is better” when it comes to essay questions. It is better to put a generous amount of information or content into a conservative number of words. Many chapters may keep “test files” of past tests as a study guide. Use these when available but avoid any type of dependence upon these for your success. It is expected that you will give your schoolwork the proper time and energy necessary for you to achieve your scholastic potential. A great amount of money has been invested toward this goal and it would be foolish to waste it. The Fraternity should complement your undergraduate educational experience while providing you the resources and assistance to succeed academically. As a result, members of Phi Gamma Delta should perform better academically than they would if they were not members. Studies have proven that students just starting their college careers are more likely to stay in school until graduation if they start with a strong academic foundation. To encourage the newest members, the Phi Gamma Delta Educational Foundation provides scholarships in various amounts to encourage good academic habits and performance. You have this same opportunity. The power is in your hands – and in your mind!

#1 in Grades Many chapters set their academic goal to be #1 in grades among all fraternities on their respective campuses. Does your chapter have an overall goal for scholarship? Frank Iacobucci (British Columbia 1962): Supreme Court of Canada

III

THE VALUES OF PHI GAMMA DELTA

This chapter introduces you to the five basic values upon which Phi Gamma Delta was founded: Friendship, Knowledge, Service, Morality and Excellence. It is devoted to helping you understand your own personal values, as well as Fraternity values and their importance in determining how you live your life.

ou are beginning one of the most exciting and challenging periods in your life. College offers you the opportunity to learn and grow and to balance independence with inexperience, structure with self-reliance, and celebration with contemplation.

“The friendships and leadership provided to me by Phi Gamma Delta brothers during my college days at William Jewell were instrumental in my passage to adulthood. Many of my intrinsic values were enhanced or developed through my membership in the chapter. I gained a stronger sense of unity, loyalty and compassion for others. I learned how to interact and work with others toward common goals. And I realized the true meaning of reliability and accountability.”

Your personal values and beliefs will determine how you live, act, relate, cooperate and deal with others. They will influence your conduct and behavior as a college man and member of Phi Gamma Delta. This chapter of the Purple Pilgrim is devoted to helping you understand the importance of your personal values and how they determine the way you live your life. It will introduce you to the values of Phi Gamma Delta and help you understand and appreciate these beliefs upon which the Fraternity was founded.

What Are Values? Each of us has his own personal values. Values are what we stand for and believe in. They define our purpose in life and guide and shape the way we live. Our values make us function as human beings. They enable us to be effective individuals and citizens. They are what we are measured by in life: by family, friends, and the public and in your future profession. A sound values system is the key to a functional, productive and successful life. Your values are the framework of stability and continuity of growth amid the many changes and challenges you will be confronted with in college and throughout your life. Your values will be continually tested: 24 hours a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year. You will have to make choices and decisions, and they will be made based on your personal values and beliefs.

Your values will be continually tested: 24 hours a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year. You will have to make choices and decisions which will be based upon your personal values and beliefs in how you want to conduct your life.

Why Are Values Important? Bill Snyder (William Jewell 1962): Former head football coach, Kansas State University 28

During your college years, you will be learning and growing in many ways: attending classes, reading books and participating in campus and fraternity activities. You will be dealing with many changes in your life: cultural, social, economic and personal. As a result, you may experience anxiety, insecurity and new pressures you never had while living at home.

Throughout this new and challenging period, your values will always be with you. You will instinctively and continually call upon your values to: • Guide and motivate your attitude and actions. • Determine how you will react and respond. • Decide what is acceptable and unacceptable. • Help you take responsibility for yourself. • Provide a solid basis for making decisions. The importance of your values is obvious. Understanding your values is a meaningful personal development opportunity during these formative years when character is challenged. Your values and the Fraternity’s values are among the most important lessons you can learn during the Foundation of Courage (your first year as a member).

How Do We Develop Our Values? Your family, your community, school and church have introduced you to values such as respect, compassion, a good work ethic and honesty. Growing up, you relied on the example of parents and other role models to develop your beliefs. And experiences during pre-college years may have established some of your current values. By following your values, you have made it to this point in your life. Your entry into college and commitment to Phi Gamma Delta places you in another environment with new independence. Your values will continue to form during your college years. The combination of values that define our character continue to develop and are tested throughout life.

What Are Your Values?

Your values are your core beliefs. They guide and motivate your attitudes and actions.

This may seem like an odd question to ask you when learning about an organization like Phi Gamma Delta. If you want to learn about the Fraternity, why are there questions about your values? We ask you this because what you value matters most. Your values are your core beliefs. They guide and motivate your attitudes and actions.

Understanding who you are, what you value and how you want to live your life is basic to success and happiness. Only when you understand what is important to you can you then evaluate the values of Phi Gamma Delta. Having a clear understanding of the values you want to live by, to use as anchors for the decisions you make, can help you manage your life. The most important thing in life is to decide what is most important.

The Values of Phi Gamma Delta Now that you have explored your personal beliefs and learned more about yourself, it is time to expose you to the values of the Fraternity. Phi Gamma Delta was founded on values and continues today as a values-based organization. Our values are the firm foundation on which the Fraternity has existed for more than 175 years. 29

Making decisions requires a clear sense of the values that are important to you and then taking the time to measure your options against those values. Take time to explore your own values below.

Discovering Your Values 1. Look at the following list of values. 2. Circle any values that are important to you. 3. Write in any additional values which are not included but are important to you. 4. Select the 10 most important values from the list you have circled. Independence

Honesty

Persistence

Knowledge

Creativity

Learning

Power

Growth

Sincerity

Integrity

Enjoyment

Respect

Quality

Stability

Spirituality

Authority

Teamwork

Recognition

Excitement

Truth

Fairness

Honesty

Contribution

Control

Dependability

Security

Happiness

Trust

Courage

Community

Excellence

Honor

Loyalty

Relationships

Service

Morality

Friendship

Hard Work

Success

Fulfillment

Influence

Self-Discipline

Achievement

Caring

____________

__________

Write your top five values, in order of importance, in the spaces provided: 1. __________________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________________ 4. __________________________________________________________ 5. __________________________________________________________

Only when you understand our values can you appreciate what membership in Phi Gamma Delta really entails. Members of Phi Gamma Delta must be conscious of themselves, as well as the principles and standards of the Fraternity. The Fraternity’s values must be lived to preserve the integrity of the organization. Each member of the Fraternity binds himself to its values and ideals through an oath he takes at initiation. This requires a member to uphold the good name of Phi Gamma Delta. Occasionally, when a member’s individuality jeopardizes the group’s integrity, the group must remind the individual of his commitments and that he represents more than himself. During initiation, you were indoctrinated into the true meaning and essence of Phi Gamma Delta’s values through your awareness of the Ritual. Following is your introduction to the values of the Fraternity and their importance to you throughout your lifelong membership in Phi Gamma Delta.

Friendship We are united by Friendship. It is the basis of our brotherhood. Because of it, we accomplish far more than we do as individuals. Friendship is the sweetest influence. Friendship truly is the sweetest influence. It is the sturdy by-product of your college experiences. The friends you make in your chapter will be among the best ones you will acquire over a lifetime. As you proceed through Foundation of Courage, you will form friendships with your fellow brothers. At the same time, you will identify brothers whom you will respect and emulate and with whom you will want to build real and lasting friendships. To be any good at all, friendship must be a two-way street. You You may be thinking, “Well, all that is possible in any have to give deeply of yourself group.” The fact is, however, that the essence of a fraterto gain a friend. nity, the shared experiences, common goals and basic values, is a special community from which to garner friendships and to give back similar friendship in return. After all, friendship is only as good and as deep and as lasting as it is reciprocal. Friendship is a two-way street.

Your chapter offers you a special opportunity to develop long-lasting friendships because, in most cases, you will be living with, eating with, and sleeping near your new fraternity brothers. You’ll be sharing daily experiences that will form the foundation of your friendships. The ideal of the Phi Gam experience is that the men of your chapter will have the intelligence, the integrity, sensitivity and savvy that will set the standards for the kind of person you will become. You will draw lessons from these men that you will take away from college and apply throughout life. You will want to make friends with those who have character; those whom you can trust; those who will laugh with you and with others, but who will never belittle you or anyone. You will absorb these characteristics of integrity, trust, wit and good fellowship. You will find your own personality broadening into what you want to be as a person, a friend and a brother of substance and merit. 31

Be a Friend • Be there for others • Show you care • Accept others for who they are • Listen • Share yourself • Keep commitments • Take responsibility for your relationships • Show love “Being in the Fraternity was especially great for me as a golfer. My Phi Gam experience opened the door for me to meet people with diverse interests whom I otherwise might not have had the opportunity to know - guys who played football or fellows who were becoming engineers, architects, lawyers - not just golfers. The best part of all was I formed friendships I still have today. I got my education at Ohio State, but it was through Phi Gamma Delta that I really learned how to be a friend and appreciate people from all walks of life.”

Jack Nicklaus (Ohio State 1961): Former professional golfer 32

There will be differences among your brothers. Some will become those stalwart friends you will stay in touch with and love for life. These are the friends whose advice you will seek and who will seek yours, whose cares you will share, whose problems you will help solve, whose happiness will be your happiness, whose wins you will celebrate, whose defeats you will shoulder to overcome and prevail. Others in your chapter will be good, decent men whom you like being around and with whom you can find immediate and longterm fellowship. These will be those brothers you’ll feel free to ask for insights about a certain professor, or summer jobs, or what courses of study might best fit your abilities. They will help because they are Phi Gam brothers who have a responsibility to help you be a better person. Still others will be those in your chapter whom you don’t have a chance to know well or become deep friends with during your undergraduate years. There will be thousands more of those unfamiliar brothers around North America after you’ve graduated. You may meet one or a dozen of them by chance, and you will still find that tight bond of brotherhood and a sense of the possibility for meaningful friendship. You’ll be proud to share pleasant and deeply etched experiences that characterize the Phi Gam brotherhood when you rendezvous with your deep and constant friends or are in occasional touch with those who lent you a hand in the Fraternity, or a new acquaintance. No matter what the instance, you will be able to say confidently, “I took advantage of that great opportunity for friendship that my chapter offered.”

Knowledge We promote the pursuit of Knowledge. It is the key to a fuller, richer life. We gain it through education, the harmonious development of the powers of the individual. You’d probably agree that the primary reason you are in college is to learn, to advance from year to year, to graduate and to create a solid foundation on which to build successful lifetime endeavors. You’d probably agree also that you’re here to study and to advance and to prepare for a career. And at the same time, you are here to enjoy the passage from teenager to adult. Your Phi Gam chapter, to a substantial degree, exists to help you do both.

However, you need to get the priorities straight right from the start. For you to be eligible to join, you must study. For you to move smoothly to upperclassman status, you must study. And for you to have self-respect and achieve self-fulfillment, you must study. At minimum, this means you must have adequate academic discipline. Stated bluntly, you must make your grades. There are dozens of reasons for anyone to strive for greater than adequate grades. You’ll find those reasons and others a bit later in a discussion of the fifth of Phi Gamma Delta’s core values, Excellence. At the most basic level, adequate academic achievement is essential. You must meet the minimum grade standards set by your chapter to be initiated and maintain good standing. It’s clear that people tend to perform best when they are interested and involved. This is certainly true with college courses. Your challenge now is to pass the courses you’ve chosen without knowing whether they fit your current interests or whether they serve your longer-term goals. So, no matter how interested you are in one or all your courses, you need to make a game out of passing. You win the game? You become an initiated member by making your grades. You lose the game? You start over next semester if you fail to meet the standard. There are many roadblocks in this contest. For starters, you are likely away from home for the first time. That means no one’s really riding you about the distractions that keep you up too late, out too far and away from those books – the books that must be opened to make the grades, to get the badge, to become the man you want to be. It’s all too easy to find yourself behind the rest of your class and struggling for answers when you have an exam in front of you. Your brothers can help, and they will. In fact, those brothers have an obligation to help you step back from the many distractions of college life. They can help you discover new disciplines for studying effectively and using your time successfully to apply what you’ve studied to score well on exams. Also, take advantage of academic resources available at campus centers and tutoring within specific academic departments. There was a time when professors were available to guide and to motivate students for better performance. For the most part, and certainly in most colleges and universities today, your professors – particularly in your first two years – will scarcely know your name. Class sizes are large, and individuals can easily blend into the crowd. Even if they teach your courses personally, professors today rarely have or take the time to guide, counsel or help you. It is up to you to take control of your own academic success. Introduce yourself to your professors, ask for help when you need it and take advantage of extra help and available tutoring. You can seek assistance, guidance and motivation from your brothers. And they can serve as your own personal academic coaches.

At the most basic level, adequate academic discipline is essential. You simply must meet the minimum grade standards set by your chapter in order to be initiated and maintain good standing.

This circle of scholastic commitment is an essential characteristic of Phi Gams in every chapter. This commitment sets Phi Gamma Delta apart and above other fraternities and campus organizations. These are our priorities: Scholarship, Fraternity, Self.

Service We encourage Service. We have the ability, the opportunity and the duty to serve our fellow human beings. Our reward is the satisfaction that comes from serving. It has been said that service is the rent we pay for the space we occupy on Earth. One of the best things about being a member of Phi Gamma Delta is the number of opportunities you will have over the next several years to make your brotherhood work for the benefit of those around you. Members of Phi Gamma Delta make service an important part of the fraternity experience for several reasons. “It has been my honor and pleasure to be a member of Phi Gamma Delta since 1942 when I joined the Nu Omega Chapter at the University of Oklahoma. I made many lifelong friends. I’ve retained a special affection for my Fraternity through the years and am mighty proud to be a Phi Gam.”

First, because most chapters function as large, effective units, we can accomplish a lot in a short amount of time. Fifty men in Phi Gam jerseys can make a great impact on a community-building project just from a manpower perspective. Whether you provide volunteer staff for a charity marathon or collect litter on the side of a highway, you can see the results of your efforts almost immediately. Few groups in your community have this same potential. Second, Phi Gams helping the community boosts the Fraternity’s public image. There are those who look at fraternities as bad neighbors who have little consideration for those around them. By making service a priority, chapters can erase some of those negative stereotypes. Phi Gamma Delta becomes an invaluable addition to the community at large. The third and most important motivation to make service part of the fraternity experience comes from the very personal rewards men of Phi Gamma Delta feel when they serve. As we say, “Our reward is the satisfaction that comes from serving.”

Admiral William J. Crowe Jr. (Oklahoma 1946): Former Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff 34

Sometimes, when we fully submerge ourselves in our studies, our thriving social life and our plans for the future, we tend to forget the needs that exist in the world around us. Fraternity gives us the chance to rediscover these needs. To really become a part of your life, service must become an attitude To really become of mind. Some brothers capture part of your this attitude and live a fulfilling life life, service because they are constantly giving of must become themselves to their fellow man.

Benefits of Serving

Brothers from the Gamma Deuteron Chapter at Knox College raised money for the St. Baldrick’s Foundation by shaving their heads.

an attitude of mind. Some brothers capture this attitude and live a fulfilling life because they are constantly giving of themselves to their fellow man. Sometimes, it is simply the little daily kindnesses shown to your brothers and others that really count. When you begin to think of others first, life takes on a completely new and special meaning. Service can be almost magical in its various expressions. Service can change a life or make someone smile. It can show love and kindness, or quietly encourage younger generations to become more. You may be thanked for your service, or it can go unnoticed. An anonymous gift is curiously spectacular because of the complete absence of indebtedness to any one person. An anonymous act of service invokes the feeling that the deed outweighs any other consideration. The act of service stands alone. The good feeling is the only reward for the giver. For the brother who lives a life of service, that reward is plenty.

• Supports the community and makes it a better place to live. • Helps brothers understand the needs of the community. • Provides the individual volunteer with a greater appreciation of what he has. • Demonstrates the value of fraternity to the community. • Helps brothers bond in different environments. • Provides brothers with a more complete college fraternity experience. • Makes brothers feel good about themselves.

As a college student just entering the Fraternity, you already have it better than most people. If you look at what you must give, whether time or money or talent, you will note that you are an abundant treasury. Giving to others allows you to share this wealth and feel a greater connection to a bigger fraternity called mankind.

Morality We believe in Morality. As gentlemen of quality, we must do what is right as individuals and as a group. Moral behavior is the basis of society’s existence. When morality is talked about these days, it is usually within the context of political strategies or the entertainment industry. Morality (with a capital M), which has been debated and agonized over by philosophers and pundits through the ages, has been bent in many different directions lately. Morality has been synthetically molded into what’s convenient or what’s currently acceptable in one situation or another. Many people no longer recognize that the principles of right and wrong are rock solid and everlasting. You, the brothers in your chapter and most of the students at your school have, deep inside you, a voice garnered from a higher order. That voice, almost everyone recognizes, is called conscience. It’s that inner voice that whispers to you on all kinds of occasions, “Hey, man, don’t do that. It’s just not right.” But, sometimes, that voice isn’t loud enough.

You, the brothers in your chapter and most of the students at your school have, deep inside you, a voice garnered from a higher order. That voice, almost everyone recognizes, is called “conscience.”

Down deep, you know there are absolute rights and wrongs. Not just some things you do because they are useful now or because they are fashionable today, or because they are deemed correct among a certain group of people. That deep-seated feeling of what’s good and what’s not is the essential precept of morality. And from that feeling that begins very early, that instinct of right and wrong, you begin to acquire a set of principles you’ll rely on throughout life. Some of these key principles are honesty, charity, brotherhood, courage, compassion, accountability, fairness, cooperation, forgiveness, reliability, self-control and humility. These principles form the basis of moral behavior. After all, you are what you do! You already know about honesty. You know that going on the Internet to copy an essay for your next term paper subjects you to stern discipline if it is discovered. Even if you see some classmates temporarily getting by with this deception, you know from your inner voice that you are only cheating yourself, undermining your reason for being in college – to learn and to grow in your knowledge. Deep down, you know this is wrong. You know about courage. You know that drinking too much and then trying to drive has a high probability of trouble. You know that, yet you see it happening all around you. It takes courage to say, “No way am I going to drink and drive.” It takes even more courage to grab a brother or friend by the arm and get him in on the passenger side so you can drive, because you are the sober one. You know about compassion. You know poking fun at the student in your math class who stutters is a shabby way to boost yourself. Yet you’ve witnessed that kind of badgering throughout your school days. You know it is wrong. That annoying little voice inside says so. And there’s your compassion. So, you refuse to join the crowd that thrives on ridicule and the bullying of others. You know about accountability. Your conscience tells you to stand up and be responsible for treating your date poorly last weekend. This means not blaming your actions on anyone or 36

anything else. If you made a mistake, you admit the mistake. Are you willing to act that big? Can you be accountable to yourself and responsible to that person you might like to see again? You know about forgiveness. If you’ve admitted treating your date poorly, you’re ready to apologize and ask for her forgiveness, which is never easy. You know if you don’t, you’re wrong. By the same token, if your date blew up at that party, were you willing to call and say, “It’s OK this time. I forgive. But let’s work on trying to make things better from here on out.” How about it? Is your conscience that active? You know about reliability. You know that your roommate counts on you taking phone calls for him while he’s at the library. You know your parents expect you to attend classes. You know your girlfriend believes you are being true to your relationship. You know your brothers want to live around someone they can trust. So, do just that. Do what’s right. Do it always. Follow your conscience. You know about cooperation. You know because that little quiet voice reveals it’s a worthy goal to join members in becoming the best brotherhood you can be. But you also know that, all too often, you and other members go off in several different directions that create confusion and futility. It is at these times that your discipline to cooperate is challenged. Press on. Cooperation is the only way you will succeed. You know about self-control. Self-control, or lack of it, is probably the most important of the principles you can practice now that you’re on your own. Most of the men in college who get into trouble bring it on themselves when they lose a handle on what they are doing. No question, alcohol is often a factor. No matter how strong your inner voice or conscience may be when you’re sober, alcohol and/or drugs most frequently silence that voice. Stay in control, and you stay out of trouble.

Do What Is Right • Live your values. • Be a role model. • Develop your character. • Know right from wrong. • Be a good citizen. • Have a moral compass. • Walk your talk.

Characteristics of a Moral Man • Honesty • Courage • Compassion • Accountability • Forgiveness • Reliability • Cooperation • Self-Control

One simple fact. You are what you do. You are defined by the way you treat others. So do yourself a favor and do the things that your conscience tells you are right.

Excellence We strive for Excellence. It is attained only when we fulfill our total potential. Mankind benefits when each of us becomes all that we can be. What is Excellence? One answer might be going flat out to produce your personal best. 37

Strive for Excellence • Reach your full potential. • Set high expectations. • Never settle for mediocrity. • Challenge yourself. • Accept only excellent results. • Push yourself. • Challenge others. • Be accountable.

You’ll always have a broad array of choices in your pursuit of superior performance. And unlike the other values so far, these choices tend to be far more personal by their very nature. In some significant measure, specialization has come to dominate the idea of excellence. What we mean by this is probably obvious as you look around and consider those who excel at any given endeavor. Most notably, specialization can be seen in the performance of athletes. It’s all but impossible these days to achieve the heights of success in the world of athletics without having concentrated totally on one sport from the time of grade school – or even before. This early, nearly total, focus is apparent as well in other areas. What we’re talking about here, however, isn’t a focus on specialized genius. It’s about looking around you, taking a measure of upperclassmen who appear to be doing well and choosing a role model or two who are achieving superior results of the kind you’d like to achieve.

“Integrity, character and It just might help you to morality are not a 90 percent listen and listen carefully to thing, not a 95 percent thing; what those two or three or six top brothers are discuss- either you have them or you don’t.” - Pete Scotese ing. What are they saying about their classes? How do they talk about what they’ll do after graduation? Why have they chosen business school, say, rather than humanities? Or vice versa? Why have they decided to prepare for a career in law, or medicine, management or international business? What are they doing to lay the groundwork for future success? A way to begin the quest for excellence is keeping your eyes, and particularly your ears, open to the ways high performing brothers in your chapter operate. Find out how they balance their outstanding participation in various campus activities with the need to achieve top grades. Check out how they ration their time with friends outside the Fraternity. Earlier in the Knowledge section, you saw the importance of your academic performance as a prerequisite to your invitation to join and to remain in good standing in your chapter. That needs re-emphasizing. Making your grades means hitting a standard that isn’t really that high. If you set your ambition merely to meet that standard, you’re probably not pushing hard to be the best you can be. Stretch yourself to be the best. Think about ambition. Too often, the ambitious guy is put down. Instead, being cool and laid back becomes the style of the times. 38

Doing just barely enough to make your A way to begin the quest for excellence is keeping your eyes, grades – particularly and particularly your ears, open to if you are capable of much more – is letting the ways high performing brothers in your chapter operate. yourself down. It is letting down your Phi Gam chapter and shortchanging your future. So, you just might start seriously investigating what fires a brother’s ambition.

The quest for excellence doesn’t occur in a vacuum. Quite the opposite. It occurs in environments where excellence is the standard, where brothers join in a dedication to be the best.

Why not be ambitious enough to make the top grades among your fellow brothers? Why not say, right now, early in your college career that you want to be good enough to be Chapter President? Why not stretch to make the Dean’s list? Why not pay the price to qualify for the top honoraries on campus? Phi Beta Kappa? Why not? Rhodes Scholar? Why not? You may not totally nail those lofty targets, but in making the effort, you will have demonstrated the right stuff that positions you for success later in life. Colleges today give you all kinds of opportunities for easy outs. Life itself opens countless doors to mediocrity. It’s up to you. Excel and be proud of yourself. Give less than your best and you will spend lots of your life peering into the rear-view mirror and wishing you’d applied the ambition to achieve greatness. It is up to you, and there is plenty of help. Since its very inception, Phi Gamma Delta has stood for excellence. Your chapter brothers, too, have a major stake in perpetuating our tradition of helping brothers prevail and excel. The quest for excellence doesn’t occur in a vacuum. Quite the opposite, it occurs in environments where excellence is the standard, where the brothers join in a dedication to be their very best.

“The greatest advice that I can give a budding young sportscaster or any young Phi Gam seeking excellence is advice that I took from another brother – Calvin Coolidge: ‘Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence.’”

Consider the circle of commitment: your ambition is a commitment to excellence. Your brothers accept their responsibility to help you develop that ambition. And the combined commitment is relentlessly renewed and shared. The more you ask upperclassmen for help, the more you will receive. And the deeper will be their commitment to helping you attain and sustain true excellence.

Whit Watson (Cornell 1993): Sportscaster & talk show host, Golf Channel 39

Phi Gamma Delta’s Guide to Daily Action Be a Friend: Share yourself with others. Take responsibility for your relationships. Create a sense of belonging. Be there for others. Keep your commitments. Be trustworthy. Create a network. Friendship…the Sweetest Influence. Accept others for who they are. Listen. Really listen. Create partnerships. Exude brotherhood. Create a caring community. Include others. Open up. Empathize. Show you care. Go out of your way. Make someone smile. Show love.

Acquire Knowledge: Engage your mind. Seek the truth. Harness all your powers. Sit in the front of the class. Read. Study. Learn. Be curious. Ask questions. Scholarship, Fraternity, Self. Grow. Expand your mental capacity. Read a book. Go to the theatre. Reflect. Seek understanding. Apply your learning. Make the grade. Think.

Serve Others: Give of your time, talent and treasury. Self-sacrifice. Make the world a better place. Give your personal best to someone in need. Make a difference. Invest in worthy causes. Do good deeds. Be a servant leader. Give and you will get. Be selfless. Show humility. Reach out. Count your blessings. Be courteous. Be kind. Commit random acts of kindness. Connect with humanity. Aid. Counsel. Advise. Teach. Mentor. Serve.

Do What Is Right: Live your values. Walk your talk. Look in the mirror. Be convicted. Live a principled life. Lead by example. Have peace of mind. Be a role model. Build character. Be a good citizen. Assist others. Vote. Model the way. Be a gentleman of quality. Have a moral compass. Exude integrity. Develop your character; share it with others. Treat others as you wish to be treated.

Strive for Excellence: Beat the average. Raise the bar. Accept only excellent results. Be a catalyst for success. Create a vision. Live your dreams. Push yourself. Persistence. Never settle for mediocrity. Achieve. Be accountable. Challenge yourself and others. Practice innovation every day. Set high expectations. Beat your deadlines. Never say “I can’t”. Stretch yourself. Reach your full potential. Leave it all on the floor. Be in the game. Give 110%.

Building Courageous Leaders All fraternities talk about their principles and values. The hard work comes in sticking to those values when facing the many testing points that you encounter in college life and beyond. Have you ever watched someone take a firm stand on a difficult issue and quietly admired their character and courage? Did you hope that you would respond the same way if faced with a similar test? Have you ever been faced with a challenging choice, taken the easy way, rather than what you knew to be the right way, and regretted it later? Those are testing points. You are certain to face many testing points in your life. Some will be minor decisions, while others will have a profound impact on you and perhaps others. Consider this insight from author C. S. Lewis on the importance of courage: “Courage is not simply one of the virtues, but the form of every virtue at the testing point.” Any time you must make a choice between following your values and taking an easier path, you face a testing point. All fraternities, including Phi Gamma Delta, talk about our principles and values. But the hard work comes in sticking to those values during the many testing points that we encounter in college life and beyond. Phi Gamma Delta’s values call upon you to act in a certain manner. They challenge you to put the best interests of your friends ahead of your own. They challenge you to constantly seek knowledge and attain scholarship. They challenge you to serve others and to make a difference on your campus and in the community. They challenge you to make moral decisions and to behave as a gentleman. And they promise that, if you do these things, you will maximize your individual potential and improve the lives of your friends and the community at large. A focus on courageous leadership challenges you to be the best person that you can be. It can give you the tools you need to face the testing points that are inevitable throughout your life and to gain the satisfaction that comes from knowing that you have done the right thing.

Will You Lead With Courage? 41

NORTH AMERICAN COLLEGE FRATERNITIES

Phi Gamma Delta is one of many prominent fraternal organizations founded because of man’s need to associate with other men. Brothers of our Alpha Chapter (shown above in a picture from 1886) at Washington & Jefferson helped shape our grand history. The story of the development of the North American College Fraternity system is filled with the contributions of many. 42

riendship, knowledge, service, morality and excellence are Phi Gamma Delta’s values, though we do not hold an exclusive patent. Phi Gamma Delta shares these values and many others with our interfraternal brothers and sisters – those who are members of other fraternities and sororities. In addition, we share the same basic objective: to provide lifetime fraternal experiences that complement higher education. All fraternities share the unshaken belief that campus life and Greek life are true partners in developing college students. Recognizing the interfraternal connection we have with so many other fraternity men, it is important that Phi Gams learn and appreciate the history of the North American Fraternity system.

Phi Gamma Delta is one of “Association brings into action all the finer feelings many Greek-letter organiof the heart - love, friendship and benevolence - and zations found in most of the likewise calls forth the noble aspirations of the soul and leading colleges and uniurges man on to improvement, to fame and to glory.” versities of the land. Unique The Immortal Six of Phi Gamma Delta, May 1, 1848 among the educational institutions of the world, American college fraternities are as old as the nation itself. They arose in response to a need for close personal relationships among students, and they have provided an opportunity for supplemental education beyond the formal curriculum of college.

Since the beginning of history, men have grouped together for their camaraderie, mutual protection and profit. This instinct is largely responsible for the organization of men into cohesive units. The oldest recorded secret society was built upon the so-called mysteries of Isis and Osiris that flourished in Egypt at an early date. It is impossible to say whether the Egyptians conceived the idea of secret societies or adopted it from Babylonia, Syria, or India. From Egypt, it was taken to the kingdom of Judea and adapted to local mythology about 1427 B.C.E. It later became the Eleusinian Mysteries of Greece. No age in history is more synonymous with culture than this age of ancient Greece. Social fraternities strive to achieve the type of society that the ancient Greeks experienced. They excelled in all areas including art, poetry, philosophy, architecture, government, athletics and provided us with the Parthenon, democracy and the Olympic Games. Just like the ancient Greeks, fraternities are absorbed in the excellence of man and committed to developing excellence in their members. Today, as members of Greek-letter societies, we must continue this quest for excellence. We must strive to achieve the balance that the ancient Greeks mastered. We must create a social fraternity that defines “social” not as parties and celebration, but as the reward for learning how to productively live and work independently with others. When European universities first came about, the men from different countries who attended them formed small organizations called “nations.” At Bologna, the earliest nations were Lombards, Tuscans and Romans. Each had rather highly perfected internal organizations. Paris and Oxford also had nations, as did many other early universities. The earliest record of the formation of a social club in the Western Hemisphere was that of the F.H.C., often called the “Flat Hat Club”, at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, 43

Greek Alphabet A

Alpha

Beta

Gamma

Delta

Epsilon

Zeta

Eta

Theta

Iota

Kappa

Lambda

Omicron

Rho

Sigma

Tau

Upsilon

Phi

Chi

Psi

Omega

Virginia. The Flat Hat Club was formed in 1750 and boasted Thomas Jefferson as one of its members.

Phi Beta Kappa, The First Greek Letter Society The Greek-letter fraternity system emerged with the birth of the United States of America in 1776. Only five months after the signing of the Declaration of Independence, five students at William & Mary founded Phi Beta Kappa on the night of December 5, 1776. Phi Beta Kappa has all the earmarks of our present day fraternities – a secret motto, recognition grip, ritual and the high ideals of morality, scholastic attainment and fellowship. The members of Phi Beta Kappa frequently gathered to discuss political matters. Since such meetings were prohibited at the time, it was natural that grips of recognition, passwords and secret meetings would be employed. Phi Beta Kappa decided to extend its values to other institutions, and within eleven years had established chapters at Yale, Harvard and Dartmouth. However, in 1831, influenced by a nationwide agitation against secret societies, the Harvard chapter of Phi Beta Kappa voluntarily disclosed its secrets. The entire organization then became an honorary society in which membership was conferred solely for distinguished scholarship. Having long since discontinued competition with social fraternities, Phi Beta Kappa today is widely distributed throughout the United States and remains purely honorary in character.

Union College, The Mother of Fraternities The Kappa Alpha Society, commonly referred to as the “Northern K.A.,” is the oldest of all existing social fraternities. It was organized at Union College in Schenectady, New York, in 1825, and it was patterned after the former status of Phi Beta Kappa. The popularity of social fraternities grew quickly at Union, with Sigma Phi and Delta Phi each appearing on the scene in 1827. As pioneer fraternities, the Kappa Alpha Society, Sigma Phi and Delta Phi came to be known as the “Union Triad.” When Psi Upsilon, Chi Psi and Theta Delta Chi each established their first chapters at Union College in the years that followed, Union earned the title “Mother of Fraternities.”

When Sigma Phi was the first to expand to another college, placing a chapter in 1831 at Hamilton College in Clinton, New York, Alpha Delta Phi sprang up as a rival fraternity. Kappa Alpha and Delta Phi each spread first to Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts, and a coalition of anti-secret groups (predecessors to Delta Upsilon) almost immediately arose to oppose them.

The “Miami Triad” Only one year after its creation, Alpha Delta Phi had already spread to Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. Displeased with Alpha Delta Phi’s control of campus leadership at Miami, another group of students banded together in 1839 to form Beta Theta Pi, the first fraternity to be founded west of the Allegheny Mountains.

Union Triad Fraternities: • Kappa Alpha Society • Sigma Phi • Delta Phi

Miami Triad Fraternities: • Beta Theta Pi • Phi Delta Theta • Sigma Chi

Phi Delta Theta was the next to establish, indirectly owing its origin to the “snow rebellion,” a student prank that grew to openly defy college authorities. The prank consisted of students blocking the entrances to academic buildings with large amounts of snow so that professors could not enter for two days. Deliberations resulted in most Alpha Delta Phis and Beta Theta Pis getting expelled from campus. The two fraternities thereby remained dormant until 1852. In the meantime, Phi Delta Theta was organized in 1848 – and gained a foothold prior to the return of her rivals. Sigma Chi was the third social fraternity to originate at Miami. It was established by six men who were formerly members of Delta Kappa Epsilon, which entered Miami University in 1852 after its founding eight years earlier. College oratorical contests were important events at the time, and the six students left the Dekes to form Sigma Chi after disagreeing with their chapter over the election of a representative in one of these contests. Beta Theta Pi, Phi Delta Theta and Sigma Chi have come to be known as the “Miami Triad.”

The “Jefferson Duo” The young John Templeton McCarty entered Miami University amidst this excitement of fraternity activity. In 1847, he transferred to the famed Jefferson College, which boasted one of the largest enrollments of any college in America. McCarty rapidly became prominent on campus. As president of the Franklin Literary Society, he made friends with five other talented men, each of whom would soon join him in founding Phi Gamma Delta. Our Fraternity was founded on a spring evening in 1848, quickly expanding to nearby Washington College and 45

Founders Memorial Gateway: Phi Gamma Delta’s Centennial Gift to Washington & Jefferson College

beyond. Because Jefferson College mostly drew students from the South, it made sense that this is where most of Phi Gamma Delta’s early expansion took place. In 1852, an epidemic of typhoid fever struck the student body at Jefferson and those who were still healthy ministered to their fellow students. The warm friendships that were created during these trying times resulted in the founding of Phi Kappa Psi that same year. Phi Gamma Delta and Phi Kappa Psi thereby became the “Jefferson Duo,” each founded at old Jefferson College. They were followed by the founding of a short-lived fraternity known as Kappa Phi Lambda.

Southern Foundings The first distinctively Southern fraternity originated at the University of Mississippi in 1849. It was known as the W.W.W. or “Rainbow.” The Rainbow Society expanded to a known total of 13 chapters before dwindling down to two, which Delta Tau Delta absorbed in 1886. Other fraternities founded in the South prior to the Civil War included Sigma Alpha Epsilon, arising at the University of Alabama in 1856; and Chi Phi, the second of three orders to bear that name, founded at the University of North Carolina in 1858. Delta Tau Delta was established in 1859 at Bethany College in West Virginia. There were 26 American college fraternities in existence when the Civil War began, 20 of which had been founded north of the Mason-Dixon Line. These 26 fraternities had established a total of 379 chapters, 142 of which were in southern colleges. Within a few months after the beginning of the War, many of the chapters in the South had ceased operating; within a year, none were in existence except for one chapter of both Sigma Alpha Epsilon and Phi Kappa Psi. 46

During the War, the only fraternity that was organized was Theta Xi at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, in New York in 1864. Theta Xi was founded as a professional engineering organization, but later became a social fraternity.

With the War ended, several northern fraternities showed During the Civil War, the only fraternity organized was Theta a courageous and fraternal spirit by attempting to revive their fallen chapters. For the most part, however, the state Xi at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1894. of affairs in the South was so uncertain the re-establishment of chapters was undertaken slowly or not at all. This presented opportunities for new fraternities to be created. Thus, the so-called southern fraternities came into existence at institutions made prominent by their military character.

Alpha Tau Omega (1865) and Sigma Nu (1869) were born at Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia. Kappa Alpha Order was founded at Washington & Lee University in 1865, and it was followed by Kappa Sigma (1867) and Pi Kappa Alpha (1868) at the University of Virginia.

20th Century Growth At the turn of the century after 124 years of existence, the fraternity system consisted of approximately 40 college fraternities. During the 20th century, however, the growth was much more rapid. Approximately 20 new fraternities were founded, and the number of chapters in most fraternities vastly expanded. As colleges expanded, fraternities also expanded. They installed new chapters far and wide. The

Phi Gams Build First Fraternity House: The first known fraternity house (built specifically for that purpose) was that of our Gamma Phi Chapter at Pennsylvania State University. The Chapter was founded in 1888, and one year later, the house was constructed. A loan of $5,000 from Milton W. Bohn (Muhlenberg 1884, Penn State 1888) made possible the purchase of a lot and the building of the home. 47

Phi Gamma Deltas Lost in WWI & WWII • A total of 104 brothers gave their lives in service during World War I. • During World War II, 485 brothers gave their lives.

Phi Gamma Delta & Kappa Alpha Theta The first and second meetings of the Kappa Alpha Theta sorority were held in the Phi Gamma Delta house at DePauw. When the Thetas established a chapter at Hanover College, the installation ceremonies were held at the Phi Gam house there. The first Kappa Alpha Theta badges were made by a Phi Gam, John F. Newman (City College of New York 1869, Muhlenberg 1871).

size of their individual chapters increased substantially. New fraternities were established to meet the needs of the times. As chapters grew larger, they found it possible and desirable to provide quarters where their members could be housed together. Soon the fraternity house became a common sight in college towns. With the expansion of the college and its curriculum, the old emphasis on classical studies diminished and gradually disappeared, and the classical literary exercises of the college fraternity likewise went their way. With increased membership came a broad extension of the fraternity activities as an extracurricular supplement to the academic program of the college. As fine chapter houses began to dot the land, the fraternity chapter became a vital center of corporate living.

Obstacles Abound The development of the fraternity system was not without setbacks. The wounds and fatalities inflicted by the Civil War have already been mentioned. World War I and World War II were similar, but less disastrous in comparison. This was primarily because of the greater human and financial resources upon which fraternities could draw and because the wars were fought on foreign soil. The financial crash and depression of the 1930s struck colleges and their families with terrific force. Many fraternity chapters perished in the storm, while a few entire national fraternities merged or disbanded outright. After 1945, the fraternities faced the problem of swollen enrollments, overcrowded housing and huge chapter memberships which did not fall back to normal until after some chapters counted over 150 members. In the 1950s, many of the fraternities once again undertook large building projects and continued to maintain relatively large chapters. Some of them expanded their chapter rolls as never before. In 1969-70, a merger of Phi Sigma Delta and Phi Epsilon Pi into Zeta Beta Tau fraternity became the largest fraternity merger in history and Zeta Beta Tau gained 90 chapters.

Women’s Groups Gamma Phi Beta stands as the only true women’s sorority, with the word “sorority” based upon the Latin for “sister,” coined specifically for the organization. All other women’s groups are “fraternities,” the word being based upon the Greek, “phratar,” meaning member of a group. 48

The first such women’s group was the I.C. Sorosis, organized at Monmouth College, Illinois, in 1867. However, because Sorosis did not assume its Greek letters of Pi Beta Phi until 1888, the first Greek-letter women’s fraternities were Kappa Alpha Theta, founded at what is now DePauw University in Indiana, and Kappa Kappa Gamma, organized at Monmouth College, both in 1870. While in no way official, Kappa Alpha Theta is loosely and fondly referred to as our sister sorority because of the friendly and significant roles that brothers played in its founding. Delta Gamma first appeared in Oxford, Mississippi, and Alpha Phi at Syracuse, New York, both in 1872. All these early successes provoked the founding of Gamma Phi Beta at Syracuse in 1874, Alpha Chi Omega at DePauw in 1885, and Delta Delta Delta at Boston University in 1888. Many chapters exude a great deal of class when they acknowledge the anniversary of each campus sorority’s founding date with a proper serenade and a bouquet of their official flowers. A listing of the various sororities that make up the National Panhellenic Conference, along with their respective founding dates and official flowers is listed in the side panels for your benefit. For more information on the National Panhellenic Conference, visit its website at www.npcwomen.org.

What’s in a Name? Fraternity names are usually composed of two or three Greek letters, usually representing a secret motto indicating the aims and purposes of the group. Each fraternity’s individual chapters also have distinguishing titles; the methods of naming chapters vary between fraternities. Phi Gamma Delta has traditionally limited itself to these four: • They are named from letters of the Greek alphabet in order of the chapter’s establishment, as Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta. • Another common means is to annex the symbol “Deuteron” (meaning “the second”), as Alpha Deuteron, Beta Deuteron, etc. • Chapters may also be named by using the Greek letters corresponding with the initials of the respective cities or colleges, making them easier to remember. Examples include Omega Mu Chapter at Orono, ME (University of Maine); Beta Nu Chapter at Boone, NC (Appalachian State University); and Upsilon Alpha Chapter at the University of Arizona. • Chapters that were once local fraternities and were later absorbed by inter/national fraternities often retain part of their

Sorority Founding Dates

Alpha Chi Omega: 10/15/1885 Alpha Delta Pi: 5/15/1851 Alpha Epsilon Phi: 10/24/1909 Alpha Gamma Delta: 5/30/1904 Alpha Omicron Pi: 1/2/1897 Alpha Phi: 10/10/1872 Alpha Sigma Alpha: 11/15/1901 Alpha Sigma Tau: 11/4/1899 Alpha Xi Delta: 4/17/1893 Chi Omega: 4/5/1895 Delta Delta Delta: 11/25/1888 Delta Gamma: 12/1873 Delta Phi Epsilon: 3/17/1917 Delta Zeta: 10/24/1902 Gamma Phi Beta: 11/11/1874 Kappa Alpha Theta: 1/27/1870 Kappa Delta: 10/23/1897 Kappa Kappa Gamma: 10/13/1870 Phi Mu: 3/4/1852 Phi Sigma Sigma: 11/26/1913 Pi Beta Phi: 4/28/1867 Sigma Delta Tau: 3/25/1917 Sigma Kappa: 11/9/1874 Sigma Sigma Sigma: 4/20/1898 Theta Phi Alpha: 8/30/1912 Zeta Tau Alpha: 10/15/1895 49

local names as their chapter names. Examples in Phi Gamma Delta include the Gamma Sigma Chapter at Sewanee, originally Alpha Gamma Sigma; and Gamma Tau Chapter at Georgia Tech, originally Gamma Delta Tau, and now a doubly apt name. Some other fraternities have traditionally used any number of these additional methods: • For fraternities that hold to the alphabetical method, common means of showing that the alphabet is being repeated is to use again, as Alpha Alpha, Alpha Beta, Alpha Gamma. • Sometimes designations are made by using the Greek letters in no apparent order, as Gamma Beta, Sigma, Delta Rho, in which case the letters often indicate a code or motto particular to the chapter. • Other chapters receive their names based upon their host institutions (similar to Phi Gamma Delta in its earliest years), as Colgate Chapter, Denison Chapter, Auburn Chapter. • Similarly, they may be named for the college’s town or city, as Ithaca Chapter, Lexington Chapter, Berkeley Chapter. • Several fraternities use the “state system,” naming the first chapter established in the state or province as the Alpha of that state or province, the second as the Beta, as Virginia Alpha, Virginia Beta.

Insignia Each fraternity’s distinctive badge falls into one of three general types: 1. The badge may be a shield or plate of gold which displays the fraternity name, together with significant symbols, and worn as a pin or as a key pendant from the watch chain. Phi Gamma Delta’s familiar Founders badge can only be worn as a pin. 2. The badge may instead be a monogram of Greek letters making up the fraternity name. 3. The badge may be a symbol representing the name of the fraternity or some of its degrees such as a skull, key, harp, or cross. Over time, fraternity badges have tended to become smaller in size, subtler in ornamentation and less expensive. Many fraternities, including Phi Gamma Delta, have adopted standard badges that do not permit any deviation. Additional insignia tend to include crests or coats of arms, flags and distinctive colors. A few fraternities, including Phi Gamma Delta, have heraldic devices for their older individual chapters.

North American Interfraternity Conference Representatives of 26 Greek-letter groups, including Phi Gamma Delta, established the National Interfraternity Conference (NIC) in 1909. Previously, members of different fraternities were intuitively antagonistic toward each other. To continue occupying positions of respect and responsibility at their host institutions, and in the hope of future cooperation with college authorities, the NIC became an obvious necessity.

Fraternities needed to unite as one voice on current and future major issues and to respect each other’s differences while learning from each other’s experiences. Acting in an advisory capacity, the NIC has concerned itself with practically every challenge confronting fraternities, serving at the forefront for all member fraternities with its research, idea sharing, historic resolutions and advocacy.

Terminology Proper Terms:

Recognizing the important inclusion of Canadian chapters in many member fraternities, the National Interfraternity Conference changed its official name to the North American Interfraternity Conference in 2000. For more information on the North American Interfraternity Conference, visit its website at nicfraternity.org.

• Recruitment • Foundation of Courage Chairman (Member Educator) • Graduate brother/ relations • International Headquarters • Fraternity

Terminology

Improper Terms:

Proper fraternity men never discredit fraternities by using the word “frat.” Likewise, they also politely insist that others refrain from this slur. Colleges and universities deserve respectful references as well. When one cannot recall whether such an institution is most appropriately referred to as a “college” or “university,” it is proper to use the word “college.” As a Phi Gamma Delta, you must carefully choose your words regarding the Fraternity.

Interfraternal Relationships

• Rush • New member trainer/master • Alumni brother/ relations • Nationals/ Internationals • “Frat”

Fraternity men of all names and badges are in some way dependent upon each other. Phi Gamma Delta’s best chapters tend to be located at institutions that have strong overall Greek communities. Healthy competition in scholarship, intramural sports, chapter house appearance and recruitment numbers help to enhance the growth and long-term success of each fraternity chapter. With Greek life under such a microscope across North America, fraternity men need to realize the importance of not only the reputation of their own fraternity, but also of the entire fraternity All brothers should strive system on each campus. for a certain level of interfraternal fellowship. Destructive pranks and thoughtless animosities have no place in today’s Greek world. While your most important man-to-man relationships are correctly those within your own chapter, all brothers should strive for a certain level of interfraternal fellowship as well. This means a gentlemanly spirit and recognition of each other’s claim to a positive Greek experience, regardless of his specific fraternity choice.

Phi Gam Gentlemen Never: • Speak poorly of another fraternity or sorority. • Incite or participate in fights or altercations with other fraternity men. • Destroy or vandalize property of another fraternity. • Show poor sportsmanship, including cheating and unfair play.

This spirit indirectly helps strengthen the status and future of your own chapter. Fraternity men similarly do well to treat all men, including those who are not members of any fraternity, with class and respect. Any attitude short of this degrades the moral precepts of a Phi Gamma Delta and weakens the Fraternity’s name in all circles. Phi Gamma Delta is a strong competitor. We believe in sportsmanlike competition because it brings out the best in everyone. Athletic and academic competition among fraternities is appropriate. However, Phi Gamma Delta does not believe in or condone competition that is hateful, malicious, or disrespectful. Phi Gam chapters and brothers should strive to exhibit our values of friendship, knowledge, service, morality and excellence in their interactions with their interfraternal brothers and sisters throughout the Greek system.

THE PHI GAMMA DELTA STORY

As it did in 1848, a log cabin in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, stands as an enduring symbol of the founding of Phi Gamma Delta. The story of our birth and growth as a Fraternity follows on the pages of this chapter.

The History of Phi Gamma Delta volumes: Tomos Alpha, Tomos Beta, Tomos Gamma and The History of Phi Gamma Delta 1848-1925 are a necessary part of every chapter’s library. These books offer a more detailed description of a great Fraternity and a glorious history. Individual volumes or the complete set of three volumes can be ordered through the International Headquarters at www.phigam.org/ shop.

he six young men who met in a college dormitory called “Fort” Armstrong at old Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania and gave name and substance to their already well-established friendly association, knew without any doubts just what they were doing. They were founding, out of the close relationships of their college years, a secret brotherhood which they intended from the start to spread through the college world. Over 175 years have passed, and over 208,000 men have been initiated and influenced by this Fraternity and what she teaches. For you to fully appreciate Phi Gamma Delta’s greatness, it is important that you are knowledgeable of her history. Understanding fully how Phi Gamma Delta was founded will greatly enhance your fraternity experience.

“The Apostle of the West” John M’Millan, founder of Jefferson College, was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, in 1752. He graduated from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton) in 1772, and he was ordained as a Presbyterian clergyman shortly after his 22nd birthday. During the early years of his ministry, he wandered through the hills and mountains of Virginia, preaching to sparse congregations and often sleeping in the open. In 1776, Dr. M’Millan was called to take charge of the entire territory west of the Allegheny Mountains, clearing the land, helping with the crops and spreading the gospel. Known as the “Apostle of the West,” M’Millan could wield a hoe or an ax with the hardiest frontiersmen. He led a full and useful life as a Christian educator and theologian, passing away in 1833 at the age of 81.

Old Jefferson College Soon after settling near the foothills of the western Pennsylvania mountains, Dr. M’Millan began developing plans to establish a

Jefferson College c. 1850 54

Washington College c. 1850

literary institution for the education of young men – especially those desiring to enter the ministry. Consequently, his small log cabin with its wax-paper windows and crude log benches was converted into the first “Latin School” west of the Alleghenies. The founding of Jefferson College, today Washington & Jefferson College, the Western Theological Seminary and the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, each trace its beginnings to this humble log cabin – now a shrine preserved in part by Phi Gamma Delta. With increasing enrollment, the little school needed a suitable and permanent building. Two places were proposed: (1) the site of the log cabin, which was a short distance from Canonsburg, and (2) Canonsburg itself. Canonsburg was the location that was chosen. Colonel John Canon, for whom the town was named, donated a choice plot of land, and supplied much of the money for the founding of the Canonsburg Academy in 1791. Many contributions were made by the Presbyterians of the West, including lace, grain and tea. The school was chartered by the Pennsylvania legislature in 1794 under the name “The When Phi Gamma Delta was Academy and Library Company of Canonsburg.” Patrick founded in 1848, Jefferson Henry and Benjamin Franklin were among the library’s early College boasted 207 contributors. The Academy became Jefferson College in 1802. students and 10 professors. When Phi Gamma Delta was founded in 1848, Jefferson This made it one of the College boasted 207 students and ten professors. This made it largest institutions in the one of the largest institutions in the United States. United States.

Washington College was only seven miles from Canonsburg, its development having paralleled that of Jefferson. A Presbyterian project, Washington College received its charter from the state in 1806. Declining enrollments at both Jefferson College and Washington College led to their merger as Washington & Jefferson College in 1869.

The Log Cabin While difficult to decipher whether tales about our Founders creating the original plans for Phi Gamma Delta in the Log Cabin are truth or lore, they did visit the site. The names of John Templeton McCarty and Naaman Fletcher, two of the six Founders, were even carved on its door. When the Log Cabin was in danger of being destroyed in 1895, it was moved by Dr. W. F. Brown, a minister, from the M’Millan farm to the old Jefferson College. The Chicago Ekklesia of 1907 suggested the preservation of the cabin as a memorial to the Founders of Phi Gamma Delta. Since that time, it has been in the custody of the Fraternity. It stands today on the

The Log Cabin: Phi Gamma Delta has partial custody (since 1908) of the Log Cabin which housed a classical and theological school at Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, where Jefferson College was located at the time of our founding in 1848. The cabin now sits on the campus of a junior high school. In recent years, it was dismantled and reassembled as part of a preservation effort. 55

The Grand Chapter The Fraternity’s Grand Chapter was the Alpha Chapter at Jefferson College from 18481857, when the authority was transferred to the Beta Chapter at Washington College, where it was lodged for a year and then returned to Alpha. In 1869, Upsilon Chapter at the College of the City of New York became the Grand Chapter, the faculty of Washington & Jefferson (Washington College & Jefferson College combined in 1869) having placed a ban on fraternity membership. The 9th General Convention amended the Constitution to locate the Grand Chapter in New York City, to be composed of members of the City College and Columbia Chapters, with three members representing the other chapters at large. The number of members-at-large of the Grand Chapter was later increased to six and to 12 when a chapter was established at New York University in 1892. The Pittsburgh Convention of 1898 amended the Constitution to provide the present Ekklesia form of governance. 56

lawn of the old college, now a Canonsburg junior high school. The cabin bears a handsome bronze tablet appropriately inscribed to the honor of our Founders, “The Immortal Six.”

The Literary Societies During the years preceding the founding of Phi Gamma Delta, two literary societies existed at Jefferson. They were known as Franklin and Philo. The two rival societies, both founded in late 1797, incurred heated oratorical contests between each other. Philo tended to be dominated in the late 1840s by members of Beta Theta Pi (founded at Jefferson in 1842), while most of the men soon to become the Founders and early initiates of Phi Gamma Delta were members of the Franklin Society. John Templeton McCarty even became president of Franklin.

The Founding of Phi Gamma Delta These six men had long enjoyed a close friendship and the events of this night were the culmination of many earnest discussions inspired and led by John Templeton McCarty. It was in his room, “Delta Hall Number One,” that the first meetings were held. He presided at the May 1 meeting when the Constitution was adopted, his name heads the list of signatures, and he apparently designed the diamond-shaped badge of our Fraternity. McCarty was the moving spirit of the “Delta Association,” which became Phi Gamma Delta. The second meeting referred to in the minutes was held on May 1, 1848, which is the date adopted and celebrated as the anniversary of our founding. At that time, the Constitution drafted by Samuel Beatty Wilson and James Elliott Jr. was ratified and steps were taken to investigate the feasibility of establishing “foreign chapters.” Early in June of 1848, the second chapter was installed at nearby Washington College; Wilson served as Legate or installer of this new chapter. Likewise, new members were soon taken into the mother chapter of the “Delta Association,” 13 others being admitted before Commencement Day in 1848. In keeping with a strict policy of secrecy, it was not until Commencement that the

In keeping with a strict policy of secrecy, it was not until Commencement that the existence of the new Greekletter society was made public to the College – and only then by the sudden appearance of the black diamonds on a score of lapels.

existence of the new Greek-letter society was made public to the College – and only then by the sudden appearance of the black diamonds on a score of lapels. All of the Founders graduated in 1848 except for Naaman Fletcher, who was Ft. Armstrong elected president for the succeeding year, and the chapter adjourned until the fall. The early activities of the Fraternity were shrouded in the darkest secrecy, every move being jealously guarded. It was many years before undergraduate brothers wore their badges in public. While many of the first meetings were held in McCarty’s and Fletcher’s rooms, the brothers also met at night in an old Seceder Church about a mile from the campus and in Tillie Hutchinson’s underground springhouse.

“The Immortal Six” gathered in McCarty’s dormitory room at “Fort” Armstrong on Saturday night, April 22, 1848. There, they determined to establish a society “founded upon the principle of secrecy into which none but men of distinguished talents and acquirements endued with a high sense of honor and possessed of a laudable ambition...should be admitted.”

The “Immortal Six” A basic understanding of each Founder’s life is needed to fully understand the success which accompanies Phi Gamma Delta from its very first days.

John Templeton McCarty

Nicknames: Mac, Johnny Birthplace: Brookville, Indiana, on August 28, 1828 Burial Site: Sierra View Memorial Park, south of Marysville, California

McCarty’s parents were both of ScotchIrish ancestry. His father was wealthy from

Minutes of the First Meeting MESSRS. Jno. T. McCarty, Jas. Elliott, D.W. Crofts, S.B. Wilson, E.B. Gregg and N Fletcher, students of Jefferson College at Canonsburg, Pa., at a social meeting and while conversing on the subject of association came to the conclusion that a society founded upon the principle of secrecy into which none but men of distinguished talents and acquirements, endued with a high sense of honor and possessed of a laudable ambition and who were members of some college (at the time of their association) should be admitted, would be of incalculable benefit to those thus uniting, thereupon determined to organize and establish such an association, whereupon Mr. S. B. Wilson was called to the chair and N. Fletcher appointed Secretary. After many suggestions on the part of those present, a committee of two was appointed to draft a constitution and report at their next meeting. Committee: Messrs. S.B. Wilson and Jas. Elliott. On motion, the meeting adjourned to meet on Monday evening, May 1st at 9 o’clock precisely. S.B. Wilson, Chair. N. Fletcher, Sec. 57

McCarty Described: His appearance indicates his strength of purpose, his power of endurance, his iron will. A truer friend, a more fearless enemy never lived... Intellectually he was distinguished by the same manly vigor which characterized his physical organization. His reasoning and perceptive powers were clear and strong; he was a vigorous writer; a ready, earnest and forcible speaker. Socially he was the life of the circle in which he moved. Tomos Alpha, “Founding of Phi Gamma Delta”

merchandising, large-scale farming, pork-packing, selling real estate and operating stagecoach and canal boat lines. He was a prominent Mason and a member of the state legislature. His mother was a cousin of statesman John C. Calhoun. In his youth, McCarty attended public schools, studying Greek and Latin under local clergymen. He entered Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, at age 17, pursuing only a “partial course of study.” Young McCarty remained at Miami for less than two years and then matriculated at Jefferson. As a student, McCarty was physically fit, open-hearted, generous, genial, sociable, witty, good-humored, frank-mannered and very popular. He was a clear thinker, vigorous writer, forcible speaker and adventurous fighter. McCarty returned to Brookville, Indiana, immediately after graduation to study and practice law. In the spring of 1849, he organized a company (with himself as captain) to search for gold with the “Forty-niners.” In this leadership role, McCarty handled all dealings with American Indians – in one instance overpowering a hostile foe in hand-to-hand combat. In July 1849, McCarty and Bolivar G. Krepps (Washington 1849) had a chance meeting on the banks of the Sweetwater River in present day Wyoming, each heading for the California gold fields. The “Delta Association” only numbered 25 at the time! McCarty’s diary shares tales of the splendid feast they celebrated and the many hours of fellowship and conversation which followed – including a solemn toast to the prosperity of the “Delta Association” and to all brothers who should live after them. The company disbanded when the gold search proved unsuccessful. McCarty went to San Jose, seat of the first California government, where he became clerk of the first California legislature. He moved to Marysville, California in 1850 to practice law. There, he was twice elected county recorder and criminal court judge. McCarty met Mary Pierson in 1853 and followed her the next year when she moved east for school. While crossing the Isthmus of Panama on his way to New York, he contracted “Panama fever” which undermined his health and led to his death six years later. He and Mary were married in 1854. After an extensive eastern honeymoon, they returned via Brookville and New Orleans to McCarty’s new house in Marysville. They

had one daughter, whose presence was a highlight of the 1938 Portland Ekklesia. Until 1860, McCarty had considerable wealth and earned a reputation as a prominent attorney and citizen. The misfortune of a man whose bond McCarty had signed changed this status. On the advice of friends, he resolved to recoup his fortunes in the Nevada mines and sold all his property before moving. Just before his scheduled departure, he became ill. He died on February 4, 1860. His handsome tombstone reads: “erected to his memory by the College Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta of which he was a founder and the influence of which, magnified beyond his fondest hopes, lives to ennoble his memory.”

Samuel Beatty Wilson

Nicknames: Sam B. Birthplace: farm near New Castle, Pennsylvania, on February 20, 1824 Burial Site: Beaver Cemetery; Beaver, Pennsylvania

Wilson’s Comments: “If we who have conceived the design [of the Fraternity] are entitled to credit, the master workmen who executed it are deserving of all praise.” “I am one of those who believe that no prepared words are suited to express the genuine emotions of the heart.” Tomos Alpha, “Founding of Phi Gamma Delta”

Wilson was the first President of Phi Gamma Delta and, with James Elliott, author of its original Constitution. He was a slender boy, giving the appearance of delicacy, but outlived each of the other five Founders. As a student, Wilson was quiet, rather reticent and studious. He became the greatest classical scholar of the “Immortal Six.” Wilson attended public schools in his youth. At Jefferson College, he made a name for himself as an exceptionally brilliant and thorough student, as well as a master of debate. After graduating from Jefferson, he was the principal of an academy for a year and then changed to the study and practice of law. He was admitted to the bar and opened an office in Beaver, Pennsylvania, in November 1850. Wilson remained in Beaver for the rest of his life, becoming the most respected and influential man in the community. In April 1854, he married the cultured and refined Elizabeth Robinson. They had four children. He was extremely active in both Masonry and politics. Wilson built an extensive library that was said to be, at the time of his death, perhaps the best private collection in Beaver County. He taught law to many young men, several of whom later attained great prominence, earning Wilson the title of “The Preceptor.” Wilson died on January 17, 1889, of failing health. He was at the peak of his career and his final resting place is marked by an 59

Elliott Described: As a friend, he was genial, kind and generous. As a man, he was upright, just and honorable. Tomos Alpha, “Founding of Phi Gamma Delta”

imposing monument. Wilson is honored as an intellectual genius and a steady supplement to McCarty’s dynamic spirit.

James Elliott, Jr.

Nicknames: Jim Birthplace: Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania, on December 6, 1824 Burial Site: Springfield Cemetery; Wellsville, Ohio

Elliott was born to parents who had fled England to find greater personal liberties. His father had been a saddler to British royalty and an “Elliott saddle” was treasured for many years afterward among discriminating English horsemen. Elliott was one of 11 children. Shortly after his birth, his family moved to Mount Pleasant, Ohio. There, he prepared for college at a private school. Aside from Wilson, Elliott was the best scholar among the six Founders. He was a particularly gifted writer. The other brothers took advantage of his ability and good nature by having him compose literary gems for their lady friends. He was thorough and accurate in everything he did and upheld a genial, kind and generous nature. Elliott negotiated the manufacture of the first badges; it is this emblem, beautiful in its simplicity, which is still used today. Upon graduating, Elliott taught school in Indiana, where McCarty had obtained a position for him. He then taught in Virginia and Maryland before turning to the study and practice of law at Steubenville, Ohio, in 1852. He journeyed to nearby Wellsville to marry Rachel Crane in 1853. They had four children. Before long, he was elected clerk of the court, a post that he held for three terms. In 1864, he entered the Civil War by enlisting with the Union forces. He was stationed at Fort Delaware, where he oversaw the Confederate prisoners. Elliott was the only one of the “Immortal Six” to wear a soldier’s uniform. Three of the six Founders died before the War began and one died during its progress. After the War, his health failing, Elliott spent some time in Topeka, Kansas. He returned shortly to Steubenville, where he became mayor for two terms – a tenure that was considered a fearless crusade against lawlessness. At the expiration of his final term, Elliott was nominated for Congress from his district, but (though assured of election) declined because of illness. Illness also caused him to abandon his law practice and move to live with a son in Chicago, where he died on November 10, 1883.

Ellis Bailey Gregg

Birthplace: Carmichaels, Pennsylvania, on August 17, 1827 Burial Site: Laurel Point Cemetery; Carmichaels, Pennsylvania

Gregg was a direct descendant of the kings of the Scots and the Picts and the fifth son of a nine-person family. His father was a prosperous merchant. Gregg was sent to Green Academy in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania, for his college preparatory work. There, he was influenced by a Jefferson alumnus and matriculated to Jefferson as part of his long-term pursuit of a legal career. As a student, Gregg had average height, light hair and blue eyes and a modest and gentlemanly appearance. He was popular, cheerful, a gifted poet and known for a warm and generous nature. Even after his graduation, he would frequent the Jefferson campus and the Chapter. After two years studying law, Gregg was admitted to the bar in Washington, Pennsylvania, but moved to Peoria, Illinois, to open his office. There, he was an active Mason. He made two separate attempts to continue his practice in Peoria, but each time his health collapsed, and he was forced to return to his parents’ home. The last time, he underwent an operation; the resulting fistula caused his death on December 18, 1854, at the age of 27. Gregg was originally buried in his mother’s old-fashioned garden among her flowers but after his parents died, his body was placed at their side in Carmichaels, Pennsylvania.

Daniel Webster Crofts

Nicknames: Dan’l Birthplace: frontier farm in Columbiana County, Ohio, on December 3, 1828 Burial Site: Clinton Confederate Cemetery; Clinton, Louisiana

Gregg Described: ...one whose modest mien and rare intellectual beauty are sure to arrest the attention of the beholder. That is Ellis B. Gregg. One earnest glance satisfies you as to his character. A kinder, truer heart than his never throbbed in the bosom of any human being. Tomos Alpha, “Founding of Phi Gamma Delta”

Crofts Described: The chief excellency of his character was his unbending integrity; his high sense of honor; his manly courage; his unswerving fidelity in the discharge of all his duties. Tomos Alpha, “Founding of Phi Gamma Delta”

Crofts was one of 10 children. He was tall and slender, with excellent features and an intelligent face and a pale complexion – appearing to be ill (as indeed he was much of the time). Realizing that he was not physically prepared for the rigors of farm life, his family sought to provide him with a higher education. He was sent to “Mr. Holmes’ private school” in New Lisbon, Ohio and then to an academy at West Point, Ohio. He entered Jefferson College in 1844, before his 16th birthday. 61

Fletcher Described: The high degree of confidence which his associates reposed in him is shown by the fact that he was unanimously chosen as the presiding officer of this Chapter at a time when the utmost skill and prudence were required in the management of its affairs. Tomos Alpha, “Founding of Phi Gamma Delta”

Crofts was a good student, kind to those he liked but a bitter hater of those he disliked. He became involved in a disagreement with certain faculty members and vowed he would not accept a diploma from Jefferson, though the college catalog and commencement program list him as an 1848 graduate. Upon graduating, Crofts began to teach school and then turned to the study of law. In 1850, he was admitted to the bar in Steubenville, Ohio. Crofts was appointed notary public for Columbiana County even before completing his study of the law. Crofts lived under the perpetual torment of tuberculosis, which finally caused his death at the age of 23. He died in January 1852, at Clinton, Louisiana, where he had gone in search of recuperation. When he died alone, far from his Ohio home, his personal belongings were sold to cover his medical and funeral expenses, including his Phi Gamma Delta badge. The Fraternity, upon discovering his grave many years later, marked it with a fitting memorial.

Naaman Fletcher

Nicknames: Nancy Birthplace: Zanesville, Ohio, on February 27, 1824 Burial Site: Falls Cemetery; Wabash, Indiana

Fletcher was the first Secretary and second President of the “Delta Association.” His father died when he was three years old. He was adopted by a distant relative at whose expense he was educated. Fletcher studied law and was admitted to the bar before enrolling at Jefferson College. At the age of 23, he entered the sophomore class at Jefferson. As a student, Fletcher was very colorful, red-blooded and social. Aside from much mention of the “Delta Association,” his fluent letters spoke mostly about brown-eyed girls and occasionally other diversions such as fishing, hunting, ice skating, hiking and infrequent evenings at the tavern “with the boys.” As the only Founder who did not graduate in 1848, he headed the Chapter in its second year and had real significance in the perpetuation of our order. After graduating, Fletcher practiced law for about two years before becoming editor of The Massillon News; he published this newspaper in partnership with his former classmate and brother, James W. Logan (Jefferson 1849). He married Elizabeth Crosby, the daughter of a prominent physician, and in 1853, he moved with her to Wabash, Indiana. There, he first bought The Gazette and 62

later The Intelligencer. He united the two and then served as editor and publisher of the combined newspaper – a rabid pro-union organ – until he died from typhoid fever on December 20, 1864.

Era of Early Growth The strength of a fraternity is measurable in two dimensions – its numbers and ideals. The charge entrusted by the Founders to later generations of Phi Gamma Delta is twofold: 1. To extend the order so that “the star of Delta will glisten on the steeple of every college of good standing throughout the land,” 2. To guard zealously the portals and admit only those men who by their character, attainment and promise are worthy of the Fraternity’s ideals. Within a few weeks of the Fraternity’s founding, the “Delta Association” had already expanded to Washington College. By the end of 1856, Phi Gamma Delta had nine active chapters. The full list of chapters (active and inactive) and their founding dates is featured at the Fraternity’s official website, www.phigam.org.

Growth of the Fraternity (Number of Initiated Brothers): • 1898 (50 years): 6,800 • 1948 (100 years): 56,800 • 1998 (150 years): 141,500 • 2023 (175 years): 208,000+

New Chapters Originally, the power to grant and revoke charters was held solely by the Alpha or parent chapter, acting upon its capacity as the “Grand Chapter.” The grants were made upon receipt of requests from “five students of any respectable college... who shall furnish satisfactory evidence that they individually possess that high sense of honor and those superior talents and requirements which will meet the requisitions of our Constitution.” These requests had to be unanimously approved by the Grand Chapter. Provision was also made in the Constitution of the Founders for granting a charter, if necessary, to one or more brothers who should enter an institution where Phi Gamma Delta was not represented and apply for a charter. It was stipulated, however, that they must vouch for the men proposed for membership. In either case, a Legate was appointed to install the chapter and acquaint it with the customs and practices which it was expected to follow. Phi Gamma Delta’s progression from the 19th to 20th century brought with it a significant change in government structure. The Grand Chapter gradually evolved into a broader decision-making arrangement. Since the end of the 19th century, the jurisdiction to establish new chapters has been vested solely in the Ekklesia, which meets every two years and at which each undergraduate chapter is represented and has three votes. 63

Phi Gamma Delta Chapters in Canada • Tau Kappa Chapter at University of Toronto: Founded 9/6/1923 • Pi Gamma Chapter at University of British Columbia: Founded 6/2/1929 • Mu Kappa Chapter at McGill University: Founded 6/24/1948; Ceased - 1968 • Lambda Omega Chapter at University of Western Ontario: Founded 2/3/1968; Ceased - 2004; Re-established - 2009 • Epsilon Alpha Chapter at University of Alberta: Founded 10/24/1970 • Upsilon Chi Chapter at University of Calgary: Founded 2/4/1984

Phi Gamma Delta’s The Pittsburgh Convention in goal is to reach every top college and univer- 1898 amended the Constitution to provide for the present sity in North America Ekklesia form of governance. where it has not yet been established and to return to host institutions where it once thrived but is not presently active. The process for starting a new chapter begins with the establishment of a provisional chapter, or probationary group, that is challenged to grow in accordance with the values and standards of the Fraternity. Upon the completion of these goals, the currently active chapters will vote on the provisional chapter’s petition to become a fully chartered chapter of Phi Gamma Delta. These votes occur either electronically or at an Ekklesia. All chapters are asked to thoughtfully review the petition of each provisional chapter to ensure the good name of our Fraternity is represented.

Phi Gamma Delta in Canada Part of Phi Gamma Delta’s strength comes from her status as a truly international fraternity. It all began at the 75th Ekklesia in 1923, when the Tau Kappa Chapter at the University of Toronto was welcomed. Since then, Phi Gamma Delta has been established at the University of British Columbia, McGill University, the University of Western Ontario, the University of Alberta and the University of Calgary. An additional attempt was also made to expand to the University of Victoria. Some of the Fraternity’s most influential Archons, top Field Secretaries and most active graduate brothers have come from Canadian chapters. Phi Gamma Delta is widely recognized as having one of the strongest presences in Canada among all North American Interfraternity Conference fraternities and continues to benefit from this position. From the “Delta Association’s” modest and hard-fought beginnings, the “Immortal Six” would have marveled at the growth and prominence of what is now the International Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta.

Modern Times The modern era of Phi Gam history began in 1926 with the hiring of Cecil J. “Scoop” Wilkinson (Ohio Wesleyan 1917) as the Fraternity’s Executive Secretary. Wilkinson served in that post until 1959, when he was succeeded by William S. Zerman Sr. (Michigan 1949). The Zerman era continued through 1986. It was highlighted by the International Headquarters move from 64

Washington, DC, to Lexington, Kentucky, in 1973, and the dedication of Phi Gamma Delta’s present International Headquarters building in 1985. Succeeding Zerman was William A. Martin, III (Mississippi State 1975) and then, beginning in the fall of 1999, Robert E. Baney, III (Pennsylvania State 1984). In 2003, Martin returned to the International Headquarters’ staff to take on the duties of Executive Director. Robert B. Caudill (Akron 2004) assumed the role of Executive Director in 2019, upon Martin’s retirement. Phi Gamma Delta moves forward fundamentally fit, with the most dominant, top tier chapters among all NIC fraternities and an ever-increasing commitment to the values of friendship, knowledge, service, morality and excellence.

Phi Gamma Delta’s Executive Secretaries & Directors:

Cecil J. “Scoop”Wilkinson (Ohio Wesleyan 1917) Executive Secretary, 1922-1959

William S. Zerman, Sr. (Michigan 1949) Executive Director, 1959-1986

William A. Martin, III (Mississippi State 1975) Executive Director, 1986-1999; 2003-2019

Robert E. Baney, III (Penn State 1984) Executive Director, 1999-2003

Robert B. Caudill (Akron 2004) Executive Director, 2019-present

ORGANIZATION OF THE FRATERNITY

The International Headquarters office, located at 1201 Red Mile Road in Lexington, Kentucky, was built in 1985. Today, it provides office space for the Fraternity and Educational Foundation staffs, houses many of the Fraternity’s archives and hosts visits from hundreds of brothers annually.

hen you joined your chapter, the determining factors were undoubtedly the men in the Chapter and the opportunities you saw in Phi Gamma Delta on your campus. The International Fraternity may not have influenced your decision to join to any great extent. However, now that you are associated with Phi Gamma Delta, you will become more familiar with your many brothers throughout the U.S. and Canada. In addition to joining the Phi Gamma Delta chapter on your campus, you are a member of a leading international fraternity with chapters across North America. You will meet Phi Gams from other chapters. Your resources have greatly increased because of your membership.

The Fraternity’s official title is “The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta,” as opposed to “Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity” or any other lengthy variation. Less formally, Phi Gamma Delta and each of her members are referred to as “Fiji” or “Phi Gam.”

You will invest time, effort and money in Phi Gamma Delta during your undergraduate years and as a graduate brother. This investment will be important as you gain experience during your undergraduate years. Equally important will be your interest in the future of your chapter.

Volunteer Organizational Chart Ekklesia (Supreme Governing Body) Meets every 2 years; 3 votes/ undergraduate chapter & 1 vote/ graduate chapter

House Corporation (HC) Graduate board that manages the physical house/plant

Housing Committee Provides resources and support to house corporations.

Fraternity Committees

Archons 7 graduate & 2 undergraduate brothers elected by the Ekklesia

Board of Conduct

Section Leader (SL)

Graduate group appointed by Archons to handle disciplinary situations/ sanctions

Regional officer; appointed by the Archons; serves 3-4 chapters

Board of Chapter Advisors (BCA) Graduate advisory board for undergraduate chapters

Purple Legionnaire (PL) Primary chapter advisor, selected by the SL; works with the BCA and HC

Appointed Volunteer Leaders (AVL) Specialists, appointed by Archons

Financial Advisory Board Appointed by the Archons; provides financial advice to Archons

Being a part of a strong international fraternity is important to you and your chapter because it protects your investment. As a graduate brother, your ongoing support of the Fraternity is a component of your responsibility as a member of Phi Gamma Delta. The International Fraternity is made up of all the chapters, undergraduate and graduate brothers of Phi Gamma Delta and you.

Ekklesia The Ekklesia is Phi Gamma Delta’s paramount governing body. It is a biennial convention, traditionally held in late summer on even numbered years (2008, 2010, etc...), that invites all graduate and undergraduate brothers to participate. The constitutional convention of 1898 vested exclusive legislative and judicial power in this body. Laws are made and repealed, the Archons (Board of Directors) are elected, and all matters of common interest are discussed. The actual management of the Fraternity’s business is decided predominantly by undergraduate brothers at the Ekklesia’s business sessions; this is one Hundreds of brothers gathered in of many governing principles that makes Phi Gamma Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in August 1998 Delta unique. Each undergraduate chapter may have to celebrate 150 years of Phi Gamma Delta. three voting delegates (one of whom may be a graduate brother if endorsed by the undergraduate chapter), while each graduate chapter has one. This means that typically the undergraduate brothers at an Ekklesia cast 90% or more of the votes. Because each undergraduate chapter must send at least three undergraduate brothers, they are each automatically charged registration fees for a minimum of three brothers regardless of their attendance. To offset a portion of the travel expenses, each undergraduate chapter also receives a travel reimbursement. Beyond the business sessions, each Ekklesia presents many opportunities for social interaction, educational forums and community service. Brothers from specific geographic locations may vie for the honor of entertaining subsequent Ekklesiai. Each Ekklesia shows Phi Gamma Delta at her fraternal best!

Academy Phi Gamma Delta provides education for the leaders of each chapter through the annual Academy. The Fraternity conducts an undergraduate - centered leadership school that focuses on developing leaders and the “nuts and bolts” of how chapters can achieve or continue dominant positions on their campuses. The Academy fosters detailed discussions and idea sharing for best practices in all areas of chapter operations and, in turn, encourages friendships between brothers of geographically diverse chapters. 68

At least three brothers from each chapter attend the Academy. The Chapter President, Recruitment Chairman and Built to Lead Chairman are the focus and should attend. Other officers and leaders benefit from dedicated educational tracks. Each undergraduate chapter receives a travel reimbursement to offset a portion of the travel expenses.

Archons

A complete list of current Archons and other leadership in Phi Gamma Delta is posted online at the Fraternity’s website: www.phigam.org/ Leaders.

Between Ekklesiai, the affairs of the Fraternity are administered by the Archons. This elected volunteer body of nine prominent brothers listens to the interests of the membership and then provides the strategic vision for the Fraternity. The Archons are the Board of Directors for Phi Gamma Delta. Seven Archons are graduate brothers. They are elected by the Ekklesia to serve for four years. The term of the Archon President, however, can take place at any time, including after a brother has already served for four years. From the graduate brothers are selected a President, Vice President, Treasurer, Secretary and three Councilors. Two Archons are undergraduate brothers. They are each elected to serve one two-year term in cycles that overlap with each other. Except for the undergraduate brother who becomes an Archon during a non-Ekklesia year, all Archons are elected for the first time by ballot of the delegates at an Ekklesia, after being nominated by the Committee on Nominations or from the floor. Any

Brothers elected to the 2022-24 Archonate. 69

Contacting IHQ Address: 1201 Red Mile Rd, Lexington, KY 40504 Phone: 859-255-1848 Fax: 859-253-0779 Email: phigam@phigam.org Website: www.phigam.org An extensive collection of archives resides at the International Headquarters office in Lexington, Kentucky. Brothers are welcome to visit for a tour during business hours.

undergraduate brother in good standing, who has at least two years left in college, is eligible to be considered for an Archon position. The Archons typically meet three to four times per year and communicate frequently to keep their fingers on the pulse of conditions throughout the Fraternity. Appointed Volunteer Leaders and Section Leaders are appointed by the Archons. The duties of the Archons are defined in the laws of the Fraternity.

International Headquarters Staff The International Headquarters is a service and resource center for all brothers of Phi Gamma Delta. The 16,000 square foot building provides office space for the Fraternity and Educational Foundation staffs, as well as providing ample space for the display of the Fraternity’s well-preserved archives. The International Headquarters staff is made up of approximately 30 people, including both members and non-members of Phi Gamma Delta. For the most current list of staff members, please visit www.phigam.org/Staff. • The Executive Director is in charge of the International Headquarters office. He serves as the Chief Executive Officer of the Fraternity. Externally, he serves as an ambassador for the entire Fraternity. Internally, he sees to it that each person on staff is achieving well in his focus areas and that the office is running efficiently. The Executive Director reports to the Archons.

The boardroom and library at the International Headquarters provide a comfortable setting for chapter officer retreats and other meetings.

• The Assistant Executive Director provides leadership to the undergraduate services team, overseeing all activities related to the support and education of existing chapters and expansions to new campuses. This role is also responsible for chapter conduct issues, leading the Fraternity’s hazing prevention efforts. They also manage and plan the Ekklesia and Academy. • The Chief Financial Officer oversees the financial operations of the International Headquarters and Phi Gamma Delta Educational Foundation. • The Senior Director of Chapter Services oversees all activities related to the support, resources and services provided to undergraduate chapters and colonies. This person also coordinates The Summit and the alcohol-free housing exemption process. • The Senior Director of Education is responsible for overseeing all health and safety education, member education, leadership development and promoting philanthropy, community service and academic achievement.

• The Senior Director of Graduate Engagement manages the graduate dues program, leads our graduate engagement and recognition efforts, assists graduate chapters and supports undergraduate chapters with their graduate relations. They are also responsible for supporting all graduate volunteers. • The Directors of Chapter Services serve as a primary contact for undergraduate chapters and provisional chapters. They assist provisional chapters through the chartering process, and they also supervise the Field Secretary program. • The Director of Communications oversees the publishing of The Phi Gamma Delta magazine. They also manage the Fraternity’s website, oversee social media and coordinate other primary communications and marketing materials. • The Director of Fraternity Growth oversees the Fraternity’s efforts to establish new or re-establish dormant chapters on campuses across North America and oversees recruitment resources. • The Director of Membership & Operations manages all initiation reporting and fees in our membership records. They also handle chapter billing and account receivables, maintain employee files and benefits, and oversee the upkeep of the headquarters facility.

Field Secretaries Field Secretaries are part of a special order within Phi Gamma Delta, serving as the chief representatives of the International Fraternity to the undergraduate chapters. Field Secretaries typically serve in a geographic region, making in-person and virtual visits to every undergraduate chapter to coach and educate on every phase of chapter operations. Field Secretaries also foster relations with college or university administrators, disseminating information about Phi Gamma Delta. They take special care to meet with key graduate brothers during their visits, including all Section Leaders and Purple Legionnaires. The Field Secretaries traditionally serve two-year terms. Phi Gamma Delta was among the first fraternities to make such use of full-time traveling consultants, beginning in 1913; since that time virtually all fraternities have adopted similar programs.

Cal C. Chambers (Wisconsin 1912) was Phi Gamma Delta’s first Field Secretary and one of the very first men to travel as a fraternity consultant for any fraternity.

While the opportunity to work for the Fraternity as a Field Secretary is available to any graduating senior, experience as a chapter officer is a desirable prerequisite for this position. If you or another brother is interested in serving as a Field Secretary, it is never too early to begin thinking about this as a post-graduate option. Visit www. phigam.org/StaffOpenings to learn more.

Financial Advisory Board The Financial Advisory Board is a committee of brothers the Archons appoint. The board, comprised of professionals in various financial careers, advises the Fraternity on the management of all funds, property and other assets of the Fraternity. 71

Board of Conduct The Board of Conduct is appointed by the Archons to work with the Headquarters staff to investigate violations of Fraternity law and levy appropriate sanctions (or recommend sanctions to the Archons) against offending chapters. The more senior of the two undergraduate brothers serving on the Archonate serves as a member of the Board of Conduct.

Appointed Volunteer Leaders The Fraternity has nine Appointed Volunteer Leader positions, which the Archons appoint. Eight of these brothers serve in “specialist” roles for Phi Gamma Delta, and the ninth position is the Section Leader, which is discussed after the individual specialist positions. These brothers serve as volunteers but are available to chapters for consultation on matters involving their area of emphasis. • The Curator of Archives preserves and catalogs all Phi Gamma Delta memorabilia and historical records. These are placed on display at the museum or filed properly in a fireproof vault, each featured at the International Headquarters. The Curator of Archives can be a resource to your chapter if you are interested in preserving archives and other important historical records. • The Director of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Belonging advises the Archons and staff on matters related to DEIB, as well as on the implementation of the Fraternity’s DEIB initiatives. He also works with the staff in the development of undergraduate chapter and graduate volunteer-focused DEIB resources, partnerships and educational opportunities. • The Director of Housing, working with a Housing Committee, advises chapters and the Archons on issues of house financing, safety, maintenance and acquisition. • The Educational Director advises the Archons and the Ekklesia in matters relating to the scholarship and educational programming at each chapter. He obtains the scholastic standing of each undergraduate chapter on its campus and certifies to the Archons all instances when chapters are delinquent in scholarship. The Educational Director is a resource to undergraduate chapters wishing to improve their academic and/or educational programming. • The General Counsel is an attorney who advises the Archons and the Ekklesia in matters relating to the formulation and interpretation of the Constitution, Bylaws of the Fraternity and other legal matters affecting the Fraternity. • The Historian collects, records and perpetuates all statistics and facts of interest pertaining to the Fraternity, its chapters and its members. During this process, he is encouraged to revise or add to the volumes of our Fraternity history books. The Historian can serve as a resource to chapters wanting to document and preserve their own chapter history. • The Public Relations Director protects and promotes the good name of Phi Gamma Delta by playing a leadership role in publicizing good works of the Fraternity and its chapters and handling crisis situations. The PR Director can be a resource to chapters on public relations matters. • The Ritualist is fully versed in every phase of the Fraternity’s ritualistic ceremonies. As such, it is his duty to answer all communications regarding the rituals, to prescribe their use and to interpret their meaning when called upon. He is also responsible for enforcing uniformity among all chapters in their observance of the ceremonies. The Ritualist can be a resource for chapters wanting to improve their performance of the Ritual. 72

Section Leader The other primary Appointed Volunteer Leader position, which will likely have the most contact with your Chapter, is the Section Leader (SL). The Fraternity is divided into approximately 50 geographical territories, known as Sections, and each one has an appointed SL. The SL serves as the primary recruiter for graduate volunteers within his Section, ensuring that each chapter has a Purple Legionnaire, Board of Chapter Advisors and house corporation. He also advises and assists with the Fraternity’s activities in his Section, including the investigation of schools as expansion prospects, coordinating Section Convention or State Day functions and fostering graduate chapter activities.

Typically held during the months of January, February and March, Section Conventions and State Day functions provide excellent opportunities to meet brothers from other chapters in your Section or state and learn more about Phi Gamma Delta.

Each Section of the Fraternity typically includes two to four undergraduate chapters. Your Chapter President or other officers should be able to provide you the name of your SL, a list of the other chapters that comprise your Section and the particulars of any Section Convention or State Day function involving your chapter.

Purple Legionnaire The position of Purple Legionnaire (PL) is perhaps Phi Gamma Delta’s most important and influential graduate role. He is a local graduate brother who serves as the primary advisor to the chapter. Much of the PL’s focus and attention will be with the chapter officers, and he often serves as a de-facto advisor to all brothers as needed. The PL is selected annually by the SL with confirmation by the chapter. Your PL will also likely be active in your education with the chapter and attend many chapter events and meetings.

Board of Chapter Advisors (BCA) The Board of Chapter Advisors (BCA) is composed of graduate brothers who advise the undergraduate members in all areas of chapter operation. Each board member typically champions a distinct area of chapter life (graduate relations, Ritual, Built to Lead, recruitment, finances, etc.) and deals directly with the correlating chapter officer or committee chairman. As a board, members serve as a supporting cast to the chapter officers and the PL.

House Corporation The house corporation (HC) oversees all matters of the physical 73

house and demands certain expectations of BCA and house corporation behavior on chapter property, conducive to the members provide an invaluable house’s long-term durability, beauty and finanservice to the chapter. The highest cial stability. The officers of a chapter’s house performing chapters in Phi Gamma corporation are graduate brothers who meet Delta have active graduate brothers regularly to transact business related to the engaged in advisory capacities with chapter house and file reports to the chapter’s undergraduate brothers. graduate and undergraduate members. In this role, officers are called upon to lead fund raising efforts and to plan and implement improvements to the chapter house.

1848 Properties 1848 Properties is the Fraternity’s national housing corporation. Its primary purpose is to hold title to and safeguard certain assets of closed chapters, including proceeds from the sale of chapter properties. It works most closely with house corporations of closed or closing chapters to assist them in safeguarding and holding housing assets for future brothers of Phi Gamma Delta in a manner prescribed by and consistent with the by-laws of the Fraternity.

Housing Committee The Housing Committee was created by the Archons to serve as the housing programming arm of Phi Gamma Delta. Its goal and purpose to support the Fraternity’s efforts to provide competitive housing in Phi Gamma Delta by providing resources and assistance that promotes competitive living environments within the fraternity.

Educational Foundation The Phi Gamma Delta Educational Foundation was founded in the United States in 1945 to financially aid the educational and scholastic endeavors of The Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta and its members. To this end, the Foundation raises funds from graduate brothers, parents, undergraduates and friends of the Foundation to provide support for educational programming. The Internal Revenue Service recognizes the Foundation as a 501 (c) (3) public charity which means gifts to the Foundation are tax-deductible for the donor. Gifts to the Foundation support Phi Gamma Delta’s five values: Friendship, Knowledge, Service, Morality and Excellence. In 1992, The Phi Gamma Delta Foundation of Canada was established to aid our chapters, brothers and donors living in Canada. Both the U.S. and Canadian Foundations are supported with one staff that rents space from the International Fraternity. The U.S. and Canadian Foundations maintain separate boards of directors, made up of prominent graduate brothers, different from those of the Fraternity. The staff oversees the daily activities of the Foundations that include:

Grants to the Fraternity The Foundation provides a financial educational grant to the Fraternity for a variety of educational programs. This grant helps to cover the educational costs associated with the Academy, Ekklesia, alcohol education programs, leadership education and academic programs. 74

Chapter Scholarships The Foundation manages chapter scholarship funds and the selection process. These funds provide scholarships to individual members of specific chapters.

Housing Funds Chapter House Endowment Funds (CHEF) are managed for all chapters. This fund allows donors to designate gifts for specific chapters and use them for educational projects within the chapter house, like study rooms, computer rooms, computer systems and Internet connections.

The Phi Gamma Delta Educational Foundation has awarded more than $6 million in scholarships to deserving brothers over the years.

Scholarship & Fellowship Grants The Foundation offers scholarships and fellowships, ranging in size from $250-$5,000 to individual members on a yearly basis. There are several different types of scholarships, and these are advertised at the chapter and on the website. Since 1945, the Foundation has awarded cumulatively over $6 million to deserving brothers.

Other Services The Foundation also helps to build and strengthen relationships with graduate brothers, helping to organize fraternal activities that create a sense of reunited brotherhood. This includes assisting graduate brothers in starting graduate chapters and sustaining existing graduate chapters throughout the U.S. and Canada. As a lifetime member of Phi Gamma Delta, you are expected to support your chapter, the International Fraternity and the Foundation with your time, talents and treasury. While you are in school, there are numerous graduate brothers who give to the Fraternity and Foundation, which supports your undergraduate membership. It is important for you to continue this same support upon graduation from college. The benefits of membership in Phi Gamma Delta last a lifetime and your support of the Fraternity’s values should too. That is what makes the saying, “Not for college days alone…” ring so true.

Phi Gamma Delta’s Active Chapters & Provisional Chapters This list contains current, active undergraduate chapters and provisional chapters as of October 27, 2023. While this list contains the original founding (chartering) date of each chapter, dates when chapters may have ceased to operate are not included. New provisional chapters and chapters are added each year, and occasionally, the Fraternity is forced to close chapters.

School Name

Greek Name

Founding Date

Location

University of North Carolina University of Alabama Baylor University DePauw University Gettysburg College Allegheny College University of Pittsburgh Hanover College Wabash College Columbia University Illinois Wesleyan University Knox College Northwestern University Washington & Lee University Ohio Wesleyan University Hampden-Sydney College University of Georgia Indiana University University of Iowa Case Western Reserve University Ohio State University University of Maryland University of Pennsylvania University of California Berkeley University of Kansas Bucknell University University of Texas University of Michigan William Jewell College

Epsilon Theta Kappa Lambda Xi Pi Pi Sigma Tau Psi Omega Alpha Deuteron Gamma Deuteron Phi Zeta Deuteron Theta Deuteron Delta Deuteron Kappa Deuteron Zeta Mu Deuteron Xi Deuteron Omicron Deuteron Phi Deuteron Beta Delta Xi Pi Deuteron Delta Tau Deuteron Alpha Phi Zeta Phi

3/14/1851 5/11/1855 4/8/1856 5/31/1856 2/28/1858 6/5/1860 10/3/1863 1/29/1864 6/19/1866 11/27/1866 12/4/1866 3/31/1867 10/24/1867 1/31/1868 9/30/1869 11/30/1870 3/31/1871 5/22/1871 3/31/1873 1/31/1876 3/25/1878 10/11/1878 2/26/1881 2/26/1881 10/29/1881 1/28/1882 12/11/1883 11/14/1885 4/24/1886

Chapel Hill, NC Tuscaloosa, AL Waco, TX Greencastle, IN Gettysburg, PA Meadville, PA Pittsburgh, PA Hanover, IN Crawfordsville, IN New York, NY Bloomington, IL Galesburg, IL Evanston, IL Lexington, VA Delaware, OH Farmville, VA Athens, GA Bloomington, IN Iowa City, IA Cleveland, OH Columbus, OH College Park, MD Philadelphia, PA Berkeley, CA Lawrence, KS Lewisburg, PA Austin, TX Ann Arbor, MI Liberty, MO

Bold = Provisional Chapter 76

School Name

Greek Name

Founding Date

Location

Pennsylvania State University Cornell University University of Richmond University of Minnesota University of Tennessee Johns Hopkins University Worcester Polytechnic Institute University of Wisconsin University of Illinois University of Maine University of Washington University of Chicago Purdue University Iowa State University University of Oregon University of Colorado University of Oklahoma Rutgers University University of the South Sewanee University of Idaho Oregon State University Davidson College University of Toronto Georgia Institute of Technology University of British Columbia University of Arizona Louisiana State University Southern Methodist University Washington State University University of Rhode Island Texas Tech University Miami University University of Kentucky Michigan State University Kent State University Auburn University Oklahoma State University Kettering University Arizona State University

Gamma Phi Kappa Nu Rho Chi Mu Sigma Kappa Tau Beta Mu Pi Iota Mu Chi Iota Omega Mu Sigma Tau Chi Upsilon Lambda Iota Alpha Iota Epsilon Omicron Beta Kappa Nu Omega Nu Beta Gamma Sigma Mu Iota Kappa Omicron Delta Kappa Tau Kappa Gamma Tau Pi Gamma Upsilon Alpha Beta Rho Delta Tau Pi Mu Kappa Rho Lambda Tau Mu Upsilon Upsilon Kappa Epsilon Lambda Kappa Upsilon Alpha Upsilon Sigma Omicron Alpha Gamma Alpha Sigma

1/7/1888 3/19/1888 1/27/1890 3/31/1890 4/11/1890 1/26/1891 11/20/1891 5/27/1893 8/6/1897 10/21/1899 7/30/1900 5/19/1902 5/30/1902 9/21/1907 7/6/1911 5/16/1912 12/29/1916 12/29/1917 6/27/1919 12/30/1920 12/30/1921 11/17/1923 12/8/1923 6/21/1926 6/22/1929 1/1/1931 9/18/1948 12/4/1948 10/7/1950 12/9/1950 12/11/1954 9/28/1957 10/25/1958 5/9/1959 4/23/1960 10/27/1962 11/10/1962 11/7/1964 2/6/1965

State College, PA Ithaca, NY Richmond, VA Minneapolis, MN Knoxville, TN Baltimore, MD Worcester, MA Madison, WI Champaign, IL Orono, ME Seattle, WA Chicago, IL West Lafayette, IN Ames, IA Eugene, OR Boulder, CO Norman, OK New Brunswick, NJ Sewanee, TN Moscow, ID Corvallis, OR Davidson, NC Toronto, ON Atlanta, GA Vancouver, BC Tucson, AZ Baton Rouge, LA Dallas, TX Pullman, WA Kingston, RI Lubbock, TX Oxford, OH Lexington, KY East Lansing, MI Kent, OH Auburn, AL Stillwater, OK Flint, MI Tempe, AZ 77

School Name

Greek Name

Founding Date

Location

Ohio University Florida State University Utah State University University of Western Ontario Kansas State University Colorado State University University of Arkansas Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology University of Alberta Mississippi State University University of Cincinnati University of South Florida Virginia Polytechnic Institute Western Michigan University University of Memphis University of North Alabama Clemson University University of Wisconsin Eau Claire Old Dominion University Texas A & M University Texas Christian University Tennessee Technological University Tulane University University of California Irvine Bradley University University of Calgary Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Colorado School of Mines University of Akron Texas State University University of California San Diego University of Texas San Antonio University of Central Florida Drake University James Madison University University of Evansville William Woods University

Alpha Omega Phi Sigma Upsilon Sigma Lambda Omega Chi Deuteron Phi Kappa Phi Alpha Rho Phi Epsilon Alpha Sigma Mu Chi Omicron Kappa Phi Rho Alpha Kappa Mu Mu Tau Phi Upsilon Chi Alpha Epsilon Chi Omega Deuteron Alpha Mu Tau Chi Theta Tau Tau Upsilon Iota Chi Beta Pi Upsilon Chi Tau Nu Gamma Kappa Alpha Omicron Sigma Upsilon Chi Lambda Sigma Alpha Omega Phi Delta Iota Mu Chi Epsilon Iota Kappa Chi

9/24/1966 11/3/1967 1/12/1968 2/3/1968 9/28/1968 11/11/1968 5/10/1969 11/22/1969 10/24/1970 11/21/1970 2/20/1971 5/8/1971 5/13/1972 11/4/1972 11/18/1972 3/23/1974 4/6/1974 4/26/1975 4/29/1978 3/24/1979 11/1/1980 2/28/1981 4/3/1982 5/8/1982 10/13/1982 2/4/1984 11/3/1984 3/23/1985 9/27/1986 11/10/1990 5/15/1993 11/13/1993 2/19/1994 11/5/1994 11/19/1994 4/15/2000 11/3/2001

Athens, OH Tallahassee, FL Logan, UT London, ON Manhattan, KS Fort Collins, CO Fayetteville, AR Terre Haute, IN Edmonton, AB Starkville, MS Cincinnati, OH Tampa, FL Blacksburg, VA Kalamazoo, MI Memphis, TN Florence, AL Clemson, SC Eau Claire, WI Norfolk, VA College Station, TX Fort Worth, TX Cookeville, TN New Orleans, LA Irvine, CA Peoria, IL Calgary, AB Troy, NY Golden, CO Akron, OH San Marcos, TX San Diego, CA San Antonio, TX Orlando, FL Des Moines, IA Harrisonburg, VA Evansville, IN Fulton, MO

Bold = Provisional Chapter 78

School Name

Greek Name

Founding Date

Location

North Carolina State University University of Toledo Chapman University Missouri State University U. of North Carolina Wilmington College of Charleston Western Kentucky University East Carolina University Pennsylvania Western University Appalachian State University University of Texas Dallas Coastal Carolina University Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University DePaul University University of San Diego Virginia Commonwealth University Sam Houston State University Indiana U. - Purdue U. Indianapolis University of South Carolina University of Montevallo Northern Arizona University West Chester University University of Alabama Birmingham Boise State University Illinois State University University of California Davis Northeastern University Wayne State University College of William & Mary University of Tampa Christopher Newport University Seton Hall University California Polytechnic State U. Texas A & M Corpus Christi George Washington University Loyola University New Orleans

Nu Sigma Upsilon Tau Omega Chi Psi Mu Pi Chi Lambda Chi Chi Eta Pi Nu Chi Rho Beta Nu Tau Delta Mu Beta Epsilon Rho Lambda Pi Alpha Pi Mu Pi Sigma Eta Iota Pi Mu Lambda Mu Phi Nu Alpha Chi Kappa Alpha Beta Beta Psi Nu Iota Delta Chi Nu Eta Delta Mu Rho Tau Tau Beta Chi Nu Sigma Omega

4/6/2002 8/27/2005 5/3/2008 2/28/2009 3/20/2010 3/27/2010 5/1/2010 10/9/2010 10/16/2010 11/6/2010 3/24/2012 4/21/2012 4/20/2013 11/2/2013 5/10/2014 11/15/2014 3/14/2015 4/2/2016 9/24/2016 10/29/2016 11/6/2016 11/20/2016 4/1/2017 4/8/2017 9/23/2017 5/19/2018 10/12/2018 10/26/2018 11/3/2018 10/17/2020 5/2/2021 4/22/2023

Raleigh, NC Toledo, OH Orange, CA Springfield, MO Wilmington, NC Charleston, SC Bowling Green, KY Greenville, NC California, PA Boone, NC Dallas, TX Myrtle Beach, SC Daytona, FL Chicago, IL San Diego, CA Richmond, VA Huntsville, TX Indianapolis, IN Columbia, SC Montevallo, AL Flagstaff, AZ West Chester, PA Birmingham, AL Boise, ID Normal, IL Davis, CA Boston, MA Detroit, MI Williamsburg, VA Tampa, FL Newport News, VA South Orange, NJ San Luis Obispo, CA Corpus Christi, TX Washington, DC New Orleans, LA

VII

FIJI HERITAGE -

CUSTOMS & TRADITIONS

The Fraternity Awards program is one of the great traditions in Phi Gamma Delta. Each year, chapters and individual brothers vie for several coveted awards which recognize and celebrate excellence in our Fraternity.

ny organization that has existed for more than 175 years has customs and traditions. These traditions add to the value of membership in Phi Gamma Delta and help create the unique and special bond all brothers share who wear our badge. The Fraternity’s most precious inheritance is the Ritual. Samuel Beatty Wilson (Jefferson 1848) was the original author. David Hall (Jefferson 1850) added much to the Ritual, and William E. McLaren (Jefferson 1851) enriched it. While revisions have been made from time to time, its ancient beauty, diction and powerful message have all been preserved. While the Ritual is Phi Gamma Delta’s most important tradition, there are others that also do much to enhance the Fraternity’s splendor.

It is customary for brothers of chartered chapters to write “Perge!” in the lower left-hand corner of correspondence between Phi Gams.

Perge! (pur-gay) “Perge!” is the watchword of all Phi Gams, dating back to the original constitution of 1848: “The watchword of each member shall be ‘Perge’ and his lodestar the highest niche in the Temple of Fame.” Today, it is customary for brothers of chartered chapters to write “Perge!” in the lower left-hand corner of correspondence between Phi Gams. “Perge!” is loosely interpreted to mean “Carry On!” or “Press On!” Brother Calvin Coolidge once expressed his significant thoughts on this watchword, as expressed in the “Persistence” quotation featured on page 121 of this book.

Origins of “Fiji” Phi Gamma Deltas were not always known as “Fijis.” As early as 1879, however, when a name was to be chosen for the Fraternity magazine, “Fee Gee” was proposed by the New York chapters. Other nicknames considered at the time included “Phi Gamm,” from Ohio, and “Delta,” traditionally our own, but in later years likely to be confused by other fraternities whose names include the letter “Delta.” Some chapters from the South also promoted the name “Gamma” for a time. The 1894 convention decided that “Fiji” would be used to refer The question finally to Phi Gamma Delta brothers. came up for Fraternity action at the 1894 convention. The word “Fiji” was decided upon as a happy selection; the name is distinctive and appeals to the imagination.

" 81

Fraternity Fact Phi Gamma Delta’s Norris Pig Dinner is the longest continually running, chapter-based, annual graduate event in the entire Greek world. It is also the most widely observed.

Thanks to Frank B. Norris (California Berkeley 1894), the first Pig Dinner was held at Berkeley in 1893. In 1902, it was named the Norris Pig Dinner. Today, chapters and provisional chapters across North America hold annual Pig Dinners to celebrate Phi Gamma Delta’s motto “Not for College Days Alone.”

Pig Dinner Some of the Fraternity’s most widespread traditions began with one chapter and spread throughout the entire Fraternity. The most famous of these may be the Norris Pig Dinner, which is now the most widely observed and longest continually running, chapter-based, annual graduate event in the Greek world. The first Pig Dinner was held at the University of California Berkeley in 1893. At the University’s Class Day exercises that year, a Phi Gam orator took the occasion to knock two rival fraternities for their monopoly of the glee club. Illustrating the point, a barrel labeled “U. of C. Glee Club,” tied with a cord symbolic of the stranglehold established by these two rival fraternities, was brought to the platform. A squealing pig came tumbling out of the barrel! Some say that the pig escaped and was pursued by several brothers with murderous intent. At any rate, the pig was roasted for a fraternity feast, while Frank Norris (California Berkeley 1894) staged an elaborate ceremony worthy of the burnt offering. Twenty brothers gathered around the banquet table and sang “All Hail the Pig!” as the feast was ceremoniously presented. Every member present was then called upon to renew his bond of allegiance, fidelity and alliance, and to seal his vow on bended knee by solemnly kissing the pig’s snout. After the banquet, Frank Norris proposed that they continue the tradition in future years with an annual Pig Dinner attended by both undergraduate and graduate brothers. When Frank Norris, who had left California to pursue his career as an author in the East, could not return to the Pig Dinner in 1900, he composed a humorous poem known as “An Exile’s Toast.” It expressed his homesickness and fond longing for his chapter’s celebration. This poem has traditionally been recited at the Pig

The oldest and youngest brothers at a Pig Dinner join in saluting the pig. 82

Dinners of many chapters, and copies (along with a more detailed history) are available through the International Headquarters. When Frank Norris died an untimely death in 1902 as a great author, the annual festivity that he originated was dedicated to him and has since been known as the “Norris Pig Dinner” in his honor. It has spread to every chapter of Phi Gamma Delta, each tending to add its own unique twists.

Founders Day The actual date of Phi Gamma Delta’s founding was April 22, 1848. However, the first actual meeting and the adoption of the Constitution took place on May 1, 1848; therefore, Founders Day is observed on May 1 each year. This decision was officially made at the 43rd Convention in 1891. Chapters sometimes combine observance of Founders Day with their Pig Dinners or other important graduate events, when it can conveniently be arranged.

“Gamma,” the snowy white owl is Phi Gamma Delta’s mascot.

“Gamma” The Fraternity’s mascot is a snowy white owl nicknamed “Gamma.” The great snowy owl is indigenous to the Allegheny Mountains of western Pennsylvania, and according to legend, it was an uninitiated visitor to some of the secret, midnight meetings of the “Delta Association.” Later, when our coat of arms was being designed, he was placed on the crest and proved a uniquely appropriate mascot for a Fraternity that was founded close to the foothills of the Alleghenies. Because the snowy white owl is now on the endangered species list, it is no longer legal to buy, give, or receive a preserved snowy owl. Therefore, older chapters, fortunate enough to possess “Gammas” of their own, guard them with great reverence and care.

First Coat of Arms (1879).

Coat of Arms in use today.

Coat of Arms In 1879, Phi Gamma Delta became one of the first fraternities to adopt an official coat of arms. Major Frank Keck (City College 1872, Columbia 1875) and John Sherman Battell (City College 1873) were largely responsible for its creation. They submitted it for adoption at the 1879 Convention, and it featured: coat of arms – a gold shield, bearing three red roses, crossed by a purple chevron bearing three silver stars; crest – an owl; open motto – in Greek. This is essentially the same design in use today.

In 2016, Phi Gamma Delta adopted the Building Courageous Leaders logo as the official Fraternity logo. 83

Major Keck also originated the scheme of devising a coat of arms for each early chapter of Phi Gamma Delta. Fifty-five separate designs for chapters existing at the time were completed prior to 1898. The change in Fraternity government and Major Keck’s military activity during the Spanish-American War then indefinitely postponed further creation of this secondary heraldry.

Badge The cherished badge of Phi Gamma Delta has undergone many changes in size and ornamentation, but the basic design of the Founders – a white star and the Greek letters in gold on the black field of the diamond – has always been adhered to. The badge was first designed by Badges of Founders Founder McCarty and its manufacture was first overseen by Founder James Elliott and Elliott. Seventy-five years later, by unanimous vote of the Pittsburgh Naaman Fletcher. Ekklesia of 1923, the badge of our Founders was officially restored as the official emblem of Fraternity membership. No variation of this plain but beautiful design is permitted, partially on the grounds that jeweled pins cannot be afforded by all and that all brothers are equal. There are certain rules, fixed by tradition and good taste, which govern the use of Fraternity insignia. For a woman to wear the badge, she must be the mother, wife, sister, daughter or fiancé of a Phi Gamma Delta member.

Seal The Seal of the Fraternity is designated with two clasped hands. The hands rest upon a closed book. Rays of light radiate from the background to provide the oval shape of the Seal. The Greek letters are appropriately displayed along with the words “Fortiter, Fideliter, Feliciter.” You will find this image on your membership certificate.

Greek Letters The Greek letters of Phi Gamma Delta may never appear on stationery, clothing or jewelry other than an official college ring. A discriminating fraternity man is never guilty of cheapening himself or his fraternity by displaying the Greek letters on textbooks, raincoats, lavatory walls (nor even “Fiji” or “Phi Gam” in this case), or the windshield of an automobile. Phi Gamma Delta allows only seven places where the Greek letters may be displayed: • Badge • Official seal • Official flag • A chapter house marker

• Memorials to members • Certificate of membership • Official college ring

The official jewelry of Phi Gamma Delta consists only of the badge of the Founders and the recognition pin or ring bearing a tiny white star in the center of a diamond-shaped field. These items alone are authorized in our laws. The use of monograms and Greek letters as ornamentation on trinkets and so forth is expressly forbidden. Legacy Deuteron is the official authorized jeweler of 84

the Fraternity. Official Phi Gamma Delta jewelry can be ordered through the International Headquarters.

Flag The flag of the Fraternity is a solid field of royal purple with the Fraternity letters in the center and a white star in the upper righthand corner. Each chapter may place in the upper left-hand corner the Greek letters that designate it in the Fraternity. Orders for flags are placed through the International Headquarters at www. phigam.org/Shop.

Official Color & Flower The official color of Phi Gamma Delta is royal purple. In keeping with traditional significance, the official flower of the Fraternity is the purple clematis, so designated in 1925 because of its rich purple color and star-like shape.

The purple clematis, known technically as clematis jackmanii, was selected by the 1924-25 Ekklesia as the official flower of the Fraternity. It replaced the purple heliotrope.

Spirituality Phi Gamma Delta’s Founders based much of their writings and traditions for the Fraternity on their Judeo-Christian beliefs, creating an association of men who tend to share their belief in the existence of an ever-living God as one of many common ideals. This standard is real and important, but you do not have to be a Christian to be a Phi Gamma Delta. The Fraternity does seek, however, honorable men of various faiths who can say, according to their own interpretation, that God exists. This principle signifies one of the Fraternity’s basic characteristics: men who can embrace Phi Gamma Delta’s lofty ideals can acknowledge – even symbolically – a greater authority than themselves. Brothers who choose common places of worship do well to regularly attend services together and keep each other, their chapter and their Fraternity in their prayers. Many chapters have their own Bible study groups as an additional way to enhance their spiritual development.

Songs Memorizing and singing the beloved songs of the Fraternity has been a Phi Gamma Delta tradition for over a century. Serenades to sweethearts and sororities, celebrating the reunion of graduate brothers or victory in an interfraternal competition, or welcoming new brothers are each examples of occasions wherein brothers tend to sing Phi Gamma Delta songs. Importantly, they are to

“God bless this house and all who here reside; Bless it within, without, from roof to threshold wide; And bless its smiling hearth that cheers like eastern sun; Bless its inviting door that welcomes everyone; Bless all who cross its step; May they find peace and joy within these friendly walls; And love without alloy.” Edwin Mattern (Allegheny 1890) 85

always sing with class, spirit and pride. Brothers of top chapters also tend to memorize and sing the official alma maters of their colleges. Brothers may download MP3s of Phi Gamma Delta songs at www.phigamarchives.org. Phi Gamma Delta was once regarded fondly as the “singing fraternity” and today’s brothers are charged with the goal of recapturing this distinction. The words of a few of the most popular songs are featured below.

Doxology

I Would Rather Be a Fiji

Fiji Sweetheart of My Dreams

Some choose the Phi Psi’s, some Sigma Chi, Others Phi Delt or D.K.E. Oh, hear those Fijis yelling (seven whistles) They’re good enough for me.

Bless our Fraternity, Heaven grant thy peace; Lead on to victory, Her strength increase! Long may our Delta reign - in unity; O, guard and save our dear Fraternity! I dream the whole day through, dear, all my thoughts are you, You’re the Fiji sweetheart of my dreams. You steal into my heart, dear, when we’re far apart, You’re the Fiji sweetheart of my dreams. Life is not the same, you’re the one to blame For making me feel as I do. This waiting makes me blue dear, you know I love you, You’re the Fiji sweetheart of my dreams.

Fiji Honeymoon

Just take an evening in the springtime, In the merry month of June, With your little Fiji sweetheart, Underneath a Fiji moon; You sit together in a porch swing, That is big enough for one, Strong enough for two, That’s the way a Phi Gam spends His Fiji honeymoon.

Show Me the Scotchman

Show me the Scotchman who doesn’t love the thistle, Show me the Englishman who doesn’t love the rose; But show me the true-hearted Phi Gamma Delta, Who doesn’t love the spot, where the Fiji grows. 86

Of college pleasures Fraternities, Bring with them friendships true. Questions perplexing, which one to choose, Many don’t know just what to do,

I would rather be a Fiji. I don’t care for all the rest, My heart bleeds for that Fiji bunch, Just because I love them best. Royal purple is my color, Fijiland looks good to me; For I’d rather be a Fiji, Phi Gamma Delta, my Fraternity.

Marching Fiji Men

Wherever a star is shining in the sky, Wherever a flag of hope may bravely fly, Wherever a brother clasps a Phi Gamma Delta hand You’ll find yourself in Fijiland. For we are the marching, marching Fiji men, And here we come swinging, swinging, once again. Up over the hills we march, we march away, We march through the sunlight, starlight night and day, For we are the marching, marching, Fiji men, And here we come singing, singing, once again. Whatever the weather, gather from afar And hail Phi Gamma Delta’s guiding star, Phi Gamma Delta here we are.

Fiji Land Is Sure the Land for Me See that pretty girlie standing there, With her lovin’ eyes of blue; See that bunch of fellows waiting there, Just to see what she will do.

There’s Beta, Deke and Fiji and Sigma Chi, Every kind of Greek there is beneath the sky. Each one thinks he takes the pretty girlie’s eye; Thinks he’s won those lovin’ eyes of blue, And when she turns the boys all start to pray, And this is what they hear her loudly say Fijiland is sure the land for me. Talk about your hospitality,

They’ve got the grand old rep, Lots o’ pep, lots o’ pep, Fiji for me is just as plain as can be. You just ought to see them dance around; Sing the Scotchman ‘til the heavens resound. And then they march on, march on, Fijis forever I could lose my heart to Fijis forever, It’s as plain as can be and everybody can see That Fijiland is sure the land for me, I’ll take my stand for, Fijiland is sure the land for me, The land for me, Fiji!

Legacies While it has never been mandatory to invite a man to join simply because he is related to a Phi Gamma Delta, legacies should be targeted, given special attention and encouragement toward involvement with your chapter. This includes being invited to multiple chapter functions in recruitment. Legacies also deserve special consideration during the bidding process. The negative impact of not inviting a legacy to join can be severe for the Fraternity. Most importantly, you must communicate with Phi Gamma Delta relatives of legacies throughout the recruitment process, including immediately after the final bid decision has been made (regardless of whether the news is positive). One important point to keep in mind is that when you fail to invite a legacy to join, you may very well lose the interest and involvement of his Phi Gam relative(s).

“Delta” Some of the Fraternity’s traditions are far less serious and are offered as optional oddities for brothers to enjoy. One such light tradition, practiced by most chapters, is to save the “delta” for last when eating pie or cake in the presence of other brothers. The practice involves removing the small, delta-shaped end of a piece of pie or cake and placing it on the side of your dessert plate to be eaten only after the rest of the pie has been consumed. This tradition is most widely observed at chapter house meals, Pig Dinners and meals at Fraternity conventions.

The Phi Gamma Delta Magazine One of the most consistent and important ways that undergraduate chapters reinforce that Phi Gamma Delta is “not for college days alone” is by sending out graduate newsletters on a regular 87

basis. Since 1879, the International Fraternity has also been doing its part with its official magazine, The Phi Gamma Delta. The award-winning magazine’s early beginnings make it one of the longest continually running publications in the Greek world. The first editor was Bishop William F. McDowell (Ohio Wesleyan 1879) and the first subscriber was United States Vice President Charles W. Fairbanks (Ohio Wesleyan 1872) who paid ten times the regular subscription rate of $1 for the honor! The Fraternity has also moved forward with communication via email; every brother is responsible for seeing that all his contact information stays current with his chapter and the International Headquarters. One easy way for brothers to make these updates is at the Fraternity’s website, The Phi Gamma Delta magazine is www.phigam.org/AddressUpdate. among the three longest continually running publications in the Chapters are encouraged to regularly submit chapter news Greek world. and high-quality photographs (of at least 300 dpi) depicting chapter life to the Director of Communications (www.phigam.org/SubmitNews). This way, graduate brothers of your chapter can read about your accomplishments.

Honors & Awards Phi Gamma Delta’s international awards are among one of the Fraternity’s most valuable traditions. All chapters are expected to apply for chapter awards each year. They do well to also submit reports favoring their outstanding graduating senior and specially involved graduate brothers for top individual awards.

Chapter Awards • The Baker Cup, is presented annually to the chapter that has excelled most in religious, ethical and social service activities. As an original Tiffany bowl, this is easily the most materially valuable trophy in the Fraternity. It is named for former Secretary of War and Archon President Newton D. Baker (Johns Hopkins 1892, Washington & Lee 1894). • The Brightman Awards are presented annually to the small graduate chapter (fewer than 75 members) and the large graduate chapter (greater than 75 members) that best evidence that Phi Gamma Delta is not for college days alone. The Brightman Trophy is presented annually to the undergraduate chapter that maintains the best graduate relations program. They are named for former Archon President Horace I. Brightman (Columbia 1892) and were first presented in 1964. • Certificates of Academic Achievement are presented annually to all chapters that achieve grade point averages higher than the all-men’s average on their respective campus. • The Cheney Cup, the highest distinction that a chapter can receive, is awarded annually to the chapter judged to be the most efficient in the conduct of its affairs as evidenced by scholarship, 88

campus activities and fraternity relationships. It is named for former Archon President Orion H. Cheney (New York 1897) and has been awarded every year since first presented in 1913. • The Condon Cup is presented annually to the chapter that achieves the greatest all-around improvement. It is named for Herbert T. Condon Sr. (Washington Faculty) and was first presented in 1951 by the University of Washington’s Sigma Tau Chapter.

Phi Gamma Delta’s coveted awards trophies. • The Coon Plaque is awarded annually to the chapter whose publications are judged to be the most distinctive, newsworthy and journalistically superior. Its donor was Owen L. Coon (Northwestern 1915).

• John Templeton McCarty Chapter Proficiency Awards are presented annually to all chapters that demonstrate efficiency in operations, adhere to Fraternity laws, maintain a favorable standing with their sponsoring institutions and promote the high standards of Phi Gamma Delta. One exciting element of this award and the Certificates of Academic Achievement is that each chapter’s streak of “wins” is recorded and published. Some chapters have now earned Certificates of Academic Achievement for over 40 years in a row and the John Templeton McCarty Awards for over 15 years in a row. • The Jordan Bowl is presented annually to the chapter having the highest comparative scholarship in the Fraternity. It was first presented in 1950 by Richard H. Crowder (DePauw 1931) in honor of Riverda Harding Jordan (Yale 1893). • The Owen Cup is presented annually to the chapter showing the greatest improvement in scholarship over that of the previous year. It was first presented in 1938 by the University of Oklahoma’s Nu Omega Chapter in honor of Frederick B. Owen (Missouri 1903). • The Zerman Trophy is awarded annually to the chapter that has excelled the most in extracurricular activities. Previously named the Archons Trophy, it is now named for William S. Zerman, Sr. (Michigan 1949), who served as Executive Director from 1959 to 1986.

Individual Awards • The Coulter Cup is awarded annually to a graduate brother other than a Section Leader or Purple Legionnaire for outstanding service to an undergraduate chapter of the Fraternity. It is named for Chan F. Coulter (Iowa 1925) and was first presented by the University of Iowa’s Mu Deuteron Chapter. • The Courageous Leader Award recognizes leaders who have gone above and beyond in courageously living the values of Phi Gamma Delta – who have made a positive impact on others and/or their community through selfless and courageous action(s). Award nominations are reviewed annually, and winner(s) are announced at the Fiji Academy in early January. • The Crowder Cup is awarded to the most outstanding faculty advisor for an undergraduate chapter. It is named for Richard H. “Doc” Crowder (DePauw 1931) and was first presented by Purdue University’s Lambda Iota Chapter. 89

• The Durrance Award is awarded annually to the Fraternity’s most outstanding Purple Legionnaire. It was first presented in 1964 and is named for Francis M. Durrance (Washington & Lee 1907). • The Haynes Award is presented annually to the Fraternity’s most outstanding Section Leader. It was first presented in 2000 by the University of Richmond’s Rho Chi Chapter and is named for W. Tyler Haynes (Richmond 1922). The recognition device is a commonly used symbol within Phi Gamma Delta. It is represented by a black diamond with white star in the center. It can be reproduced in any appropriate form and size if it is displayed in good taste.

• The Wilkinson Award is presented annually to the brother who is the most outstanding graduating senior in the Fraternity. It is named for former Executive Secretary Cecil J. “Scoop” Wilkinson (Ohio Wesleyan 1917) and has been presented annually since 1961. • William A. Martin III Distinguished Fiji Awards are presented annually to no more than six graduate brothers who deserve recognition for their faithful and unselfish service to Phi Gamma Delta or their special contribution to mankind and society at large.

VIII

EARNING YOUR BADGE EVERY DAY

The undergraduate chapter represents the primary connection that any young Phi Gam has with his Fraternity. It is within this intimate association with the brothers of his chapter that the many lessons of fraternity are taught.

ou belong to the Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta. As a brother, you are its most important element and reason it exists. You are the key to its future. Throughout your association with Phi Gamma Delta, you will find that the focal point of most fraternity activities is the undergraduate chapter. Your chapter is many things. It is not “the Fraternity,” but rather a part of the whole – one unit of a great international fraternity made up of men like you. Your chapter is the “vehicle,” as it allows you to pass through the many experiences of fraternity membership, just as over 208,000 initiated brothers have previously. “In Fijiland are men of oak, Sturdy to play their parts, From mystic sources drawing strength To noble upright hearts. United by a bond of might, A glowing star their pathway charts, The royal purple is their goal, Till life from each departs In Fijiland.”

Riverda Harding Jordan (Yale 1893) 92

The Phi Gamma Delta chapter is a “laboratory” for interacting with other college men. This laboratory of leadership, interpersonal communication and growth serves to complement the role of your institution. Your chapter is also a “business,” as it manages funds, administers programs and interacts with various publics. More than anything else, the Phi Gamma Delta chapter is a “family.” Your chapter is a family in the very real sense that family members (called brothers) strive together as a whole and support each other individually because of the bond of brotherhood that exists. The myriad of activities and experiences which occur in Phi Gamma Delta do not just happen by chance. They are made possible only through a sound organizational structure and the diligent work of each of its members.

Your Chapter A member of Phi Gamma Delta naturally thinks of the Fraternity first in terms of his own chapter. Fraternal associations are born in the fellowship that exists between you and your chapter brothers. Loyalty to the Fraternity ensues from loyalty to your chapter. While all the initiates of Phi Gamma Delta become your brothers, your prime concern lies with the members and affairs of the chapter that receives your vows. It is the portal through which you enter the vast brotherhood of the International Fraternity. It is your first love. Therefore, the duty of every Phi Gam is to become familiar with the chronicles of his chapter’s founding, knowledgeable of its history, aware of its traditions and proficient in its manner of operation.

Chapter Organization A responsible set of officers commands the respect and cooperation of the members. The officers’ duties, specifically delegated and clearly understood, are an integral factor in a chapter’s success. The top five positions of every chapter must be the same, as dictated by our rituals, laws and traditions. The cabinet of a chapter is made up of the president, treasurer, recording secretary, corresponding secretary and historian. A summary of each officer’s duties follows:

President • Presides at all meetings of the chapter • Conducts Ritual ceremonies • Enforces strict observance of the Constitution, Bylaws, chapter bylaws and chapter rules • Supervises the work of the other chapter officers • Appoints all committees with the advice of the other officers • Acts as an ex-officio member of all committees • Performs all other such duties as the Fraternity may require or his charge may imply

Treasurer • Performs all duties of the President in his absence • Collects and disburses all chapter funds • Prepares an annual budget • Submits regular reports to the chapter and the International Headquarters • Arranges for the audit of the account books each year • Posts a bond of personal fidelity

Recording Secretary • Records the minutes of each chapter meeting • Conceals from all persons outside the Fraternity all documents belonging to the chapter • Inspects the results of all ballots • Guarantees effective internal communication for the chapter

Corresponding Secretary • Writes all external communications required by the Fraternity or his chapter • Files properly and preserves all such correspondence • Reads all official correspondence received by the chapter to the members at chapter meetings • Guarantees effective external communication for the chapter

Historian • Serves as chapter’s Ritualist and spiritual leader • Notes all matters of interest relating to the chapter and its members • Keeps up to date the roster of membership • Serves as custodian of the archives of the chapter • Acts as correspondent to the Fraternity’s magazine 93

At the expiration of his term of office, each officer is also expected to conduct a thorough transition with the brother who follows him. This includes the delivery of all chapter records and property to his successor. All other chapter operations are allocated to committees.

Dynamic Recruitment Phi Gamma Delta supports Dynamic Recruitment within the Fraternity. Dynamic Recruitment is a values-based, year-round system that will increase the quantity and quality of nearly any chapter in Phi Gamma Delta. • Dynamic: continuous change, activity, or progress • Recruitment: enrollment or enlisting, suggesting year-round capability • System: method or set of procedures arranged in a repeatable pattern The chapter’s ability to grow and manage many prospects is the key to having both the quantity and quality of new initiates that its brothers desire. Dynamic Recruitment is not about inviting 75 new members (although that is certainly possible). The goal is to maximize the number of men who are exposed to Phi Gamma Delta. The chapter is responsible for deciding the right number of men to accept as members. Remember, quantity drives quality. Think back to your recruitment period in your chapter. Surely you can name one man responsible for helping get you interested in Phi Gamma Delta. This speaks to the most important part of recruitment: People don’t join fraternities. People join people. Dynamic Recruitment is about leveraging personal relationships to share the greatest opportunity on your campus with the highest quality men on campus. It doesn’t take an entire chapter to succeed at Dynamic Recruitment; it just takes one person, YOU!

And if you empower all the “workhorses” in the chapter to join with you on a mission of Dynamic Recruitment, the results will be extraordinary. Phi Gamma Delta has a great, old saying, “Replace Yourself.” Recruit a man even better than you to help take your chapter to the next level.

People don’t join fraternities. People join people.

Four Competencies of Dynamic Recruitment For a brother to be effective in Dynamic Recruitment, he must be familiar with S.P.A.M. or the competencies that make up Dynamic Recruitment: • Skill: Having the ability to communicate and effectively grow the chapter. • Product: Understanding the value of the organization to its brothers and community. • Audience: Having the awareness of who you want, where he is and how to find him. • Motivation: Having the drive to do what is necessary to get the results you want. To learn more about Dynamic Recruitment, please visit www.phigam.org and www.phiredup. com.

Information and examples used with permission from Phired Up Productions, LLC.

Dynamic Recruitment System A Proactive System for Maximizing Membership Recruitment

Referrals

Summer Brother Membership Recruitment Positioning Drives

Marketing for Names

Rush

• High schools • Incoming freshmen • Scholarships • Home visits

• Sport leagues • Service/ philanthropy • Social events • Parent solicitations • Academic recognitions

• Residence life • Orientation • Admissions • Recreation center • Clubs & organizations

• 5 for 5 drive • Activities fair • Dorm storm • Move-in days • Info tables

Names List

Telephone

Letter

2 weeks max

Invitation By Round Table

6 Electronic

In Person

Recruitment Coordinator

Small Activities

Team # 2

72-hour max

Invitation By Referral Source

Recruitment Round Table Coordinator

• Mind joggers • Faculty • Social media • Sororities • Alumni brothers

maybe never always | 70% | 15% | 15%

Team # 1

Prospect Pool

Introduce him to your friends

Ask for Referrals

Invite his friends to “hang out” too

Based on written selection criteria

Pre-Close

All Brothers

Values-Based Selection Process

100% bid acceptance rate

Not Right Now

Bid

NEW MEMBER

1-2 Brothers

6 6

Scholarship Chapters that excel in scholarship do so because they have a plan. Good grades don’t just happen by accident. A basic starting point for your chapter to implement an effective scholarship program includes meeting several standards: 1. Make grades a factor in recruitment, evaluating each man on his GPA and standardized scores from high school as well as any grades received so far in college. 2. Make an impression of scholarship on recruitment prospects and brothers; closely monitor their academic progress. 3. Constantly reinforce scholarship from every angle, such as by the Purple Legionnaire, chapter officers, graduate brothers, mentors and the scholarship committee. 4. Establish written and posted scholarship goals every term, including a chapter goal, class goals and individual goals. “The memories of college can always be enhanced by good fellowship which the Fraternity can provide. A common setting for academic and social pursuits is beneficial when establishing these lifelong friendships.”

5. Cultivate a “group mentality” and develop positive peer- pressure. Scholarship is chapter business and everyone’s grades must be released to the scholarship chairman. 6. Have in place a quality scholarship chairman and committee that remains active and innovative year-round. 7. Acquire and use quality scholarship resources from your Scholarship Advisor, the International Headquarters and take advantage of resources available on campus. 8. Offer positive feedback, featuring a system that rewards those who do well. 9. Hold competitions, such as awards for the best scholar, most improved, etc. 10. Create a chapter environment that is conducive to scholastic achievement, enforcing quiet hours, offering tutoring programs and appropriately planning the social calendar.

Graduate Relations

Hale Irwin (Colorado 1967): Professional golfer 96

Every chapter needs to have an organized graduate relations program that recognizes the reciprocal benefits of such a program for the undergraduate chapter and its graduate brothers. Graduate brothers can give undergraduate chapters advice, continuity, improved public relations, financial support, moral support, recruitment recommendations, career counseling and help with reaching graduate school or finding jobs. Undergraduate chapters can give graduate brothers interactions that help them remain

young in outlook, the ability to maintain ties with old friends, the opportunity to repay their Fraternity for their positive experiences and the chance to continue a meaningful part of their lives. Effective graduate relations programs first place effort in understanding their graduate brothers and where their place is in the scheme of their chapter. Graduate relations programs also need to focus on undergraduate brothers taking the first steps to become personally acquainted with their graduate brothers. Graduate relations programs need to be year-round and include a regular graduate newsletter, reunions and other graduate events and special projects where graduate brothers are invited to participate. Pig Dinners, Founders Day celebrations and Homecomings are good reunion opportunities. Potential special projects include the creation of a chapter membership directory and inviting graduate brothers to speak about the Fraternity or other topics of their particular interest.

Chapters Should “Recruit” Graduates Year-Round Graduate relations programs need to be year-round and include a regular graduate newsletter, reunions and other graduate events and special projects where graduate brothers are invited to participate.

Ideally, graduate relations programs enlist the hands-on guidance and support of key graduate brothers who may have a better grasp on the interests, enthusiasms and opportunities that undergraduate chapters need to seize.

Social

Chapters do well to plan many fun, creative, exciting, safe, legal Phi Gamma Delta and memorable social events... was founded as a They just need to be well-organized men’s social fraternity and continues to and consistent with the Fraternity’s flourish by this stan- values and policies. dard. Our Founders understood “social” to mean fellowship. The term was characteristic of upper class living. Leaders and intellectuals bonded together for the purpose of improving the society in which they lived. Today the word “social,” as it relates to fraternities, has been redefined and misinterpreted by some. While social functions and events are part of the fraternity experience, they do not define fraternity. They should never fully define a Phi Gamma Delta chapter. The social aspects of fraternity should always be kept in perspective and balanced with the broader agenda of any chapter. All Fraternity, university and government rules and laws should also be strictly followed.

When overseen by responsible brothers, enjoyable social opportunities exist in travels to other chapters throughout North America and to the International Headquarters in Lexington, Kentucky. Similarly, 97

many brothers continue traditions of celebrating vacation time together during both their undergraduate and graduate days. One benefit of any fraternity is its active social calendar and prominent position in social affairs. Chapters do well to plan many fun, creative, exciting, safe, legal and memorable social events. Functions simply need to be well-organized and consistent with the Fraternity’s values and policies. When kept in perspective, social life is a proud and important part of Phi Gamma Delta.

Risk Management Favorable press for alcohol-free housing.

In addition to the move to alcohol-free housing, Phi Gamma Delta is known as a leader within the Greek world in alcohol education for undergraduate brothers.

Every brother is required to know and understand the essentials of Phi Gamma Delta’s Risk Management Policy. The Risk Management Policy provides guidelines which keep our brothers and guests safe, both physically and legally. Much of the policy is related to the use of alcohol and illegal drugs: • All federal, state and local laws, as well as institutional policies, must be obeyed. This includes not providing alcohol to or serving minors. • Chapters (or brothers on behalf of) may not purchase or provide alcohol for guests or in bulk quantities. • Open parties are not permitted. • Alcohol may not be provided or otherwise be a part of any recruitment or new member education event or activity. • Alcohol at chapter events must be served in compliance with BYOB or Third Party Vendor Guidelines found at www.phigam.org. • Chapters may not co-sponsor events with taverns, distributors, or other chapters where alcohol is given away, sold or provided. Additional components of the policy specify basic requirements for health, fire and safety, as well as hazing and sexual assault prevention. You should be provided a copy of this policy shortly after joining the Fraternity. If not, or if you would like additional copies or information, ask your Chapter President and/or visit the Fraternity’s website at www.phigam.org.

Alcohol-Free Housing Phi Gamma Delta has been a leading fraternity in the move to alcohol free housing and education. While Fraternity Bylaws permit exemptions to the alcohol-free 98

housing policy, based upon performance criteria, the Fraternity continues to encourage the implementation of alcohol-free housing policies on chapter grounds. Alcohol-free housing ideally helps create a chapter house setting that is safer and values-oriented. It is conducive to good scholarship, long-term upkeep of each house’s physical structure and positive public relations. Phi Gamma Deltas often find that banning alcohol on chapter grounds does not hinder social activity and helps chapters to recruit men who are interested in joining for the right reasons. Chapters that operate alcohol-free houses can still maintain very active social calendars. They simply choose to not permit alcohol to be consumed in their place of residence.

A basic responsibility of every Phi Gam is to give back to his community. Brothers from chapters with active service programs derive much benefit from serving.

Community Service & Philanthropy Part of being a Phi Gamma Delta entails a commitment to serving others. Every chapter is charged to be its campus leader in religious, ethical and social service activities. Community service fulfills many purposes beyond adherence to our oaths and enhancing public relations. Service projects and competitions that benefit needy people and organizations, each serve as an opportunity for social interaction for brothers and a goal for uniting the chapter. Our true reward is the satisfaction that comes from serving. Chapters are annually evaluated on their average number of community service hours and philanthropic dollars raised per brother, as well as how many service projects the chapters created, as opposed to just participating.

Campus Involvement Most chapters wisely implement a policy that every brother must be involved in at least one outside campus organization. This is consistent with Phi Gamma Delta’s tradition of developing well-rounded men and the desire to benefit each host college’s community. Positive outcomes of campus involvement include the ability to reach out for more recruitment opportunities, to broaden the Fraternity’s social circle and to enhance the Fraternity’s reputation. Each brother’s organizational abilities are improved by his engagement in Fraternity, campus and community environments. His 99

Community service requires teamwork as brothers participate in Project Phi Gam, held during Ekklesia.

involvement also tends to earn more of an influential voice in Phi Gamma Delta and in all campus and community debates of concern.

Athletics Even Samuel Beatty Wilson’s preamble to the Constitution recognized the connection between Phi Gamma Delta and elevating man’s physical condition. Athletics is one of many areas that the Fraternity calls upon your healthy competitive spirit. Many of Phi Gamma Delta’s greatest men and Many of Phi Gamma Delta’s contributors have been her famous athletes. Much of the Fraternity’s reputation for leadership and achieve- greatest men and contributors have been her famous athletes. ment has been connected to her chapter teams being successful in intramural sports.

Athletics offer brothers the opportunity to improve their health, enjoy working with each other as a team, support each other from the sidelines and always impress their friendly competitors with their gentlemanly conduct. Athletic men who adhere to Phi Gamma Delta’s values often make extra positive impacts on chapter environments because of their naturally team-oriented and competitive spirit.

100

YOUR DEVELOPMENT IN PHI GAMMA DELTA

Phi Gamma Delta is in the business of building better men. Our Fraternity becomes a stronger organization when each brother achieves his full potential. Your development will depend largely upon your initiative. You get out of your fraternity experience what you put into it.

101

“The fact that you have been identified as a leader transcends your choice of occupations or even where you are at any time within your organization. You will always be a leader, no matter where you are. Sometimes it will be fulfilling; other times, it will be a drain. Sometimes it will seem effortless; other times, you will understand what Calvin Coolidge said about ‘persistence.’ Stick with your vision. Stick to the work that is worth doing. Trust people around you. Manage yourself. If you do these things, you will empower the people around you to fulfill the shared vision of a better chapter, or a better company and a better world.”

t is a great time to be a Phi Gam. Never in history have individuals enjoyed the freedoms and opportunities available to you. By joining Phi Gamma Delta, you have opened up a new door to additional opportunities. Initiation is only the beginning. You likely have three to four years of your undergraduate experience ahead of you. Much of your success, in and out of Phi Gamma Delta, will depend upon your attitude and initiative. The brothers of your chapter chose you over other men they were recruiting. Obviously, they saw desirable qualities in you that could strengthen Phi Gamma Delta. The brothers and your Fraternity want you to reach your full potential.

Values-Based Leadership

As you know, Phi Gamma Every man is capable of Delta is a values-based organization. We believe becoming a leader. No one is born with leadership ability. that your development Leadership skills can be and are as a brother will depend largely on your commit- developed throughout life as we learn and grow in reaching ment to live your perour full potential. sonal values and those of the Fraternity. Phi Gamma Delta calls on you to exhibit your leadership skills within the Fraternity.

Every man is capable of becoming a leader. No one is born with leadership ability. Leadership skills can be and are developed throughout life as we learn and grow in reaching our full potential. Your understanding of values in general, and your values specifically, provides a critical piece of the foundation for your development as a leader. Leadership ability evolves from the basic understanding of your values and who you are as a person. The process of developing this awareness is basic preparation for capitalizing on the many leadership development opportunities that will be available to you throughout life.

Dick McCormick (Iowa State 1961): Archon President 1990-92; former president, International Chamber of Commerce 102

Your years in college and association with the Fraternity provide you with unlimited opportunities to develop yourself as a leader. To capitalize on these opportunities, you must take the initiative. Don’t wait to be asked to participate. Don’t sit on the sidelines. Get in the game. Become involved.

Care more than others think is wise, risk more than others think is safe, dream more than others think is practical, expect more than others think is possible. - Anonymous Chapter leaders uphold Phi Gamma Delta as a values-based organization.

Get Involved in Your Fraternity! Your chapter provides a great laboratory for developing leadership talents. Become an active committee member or chairman. Seek the opportunity to be elected a chapter officer. Look for the many ways to participate in chapter activities.

Get Involved with College Activities! There are many active organizations on every campus. Join one or more of them that appeal to your interests. Participate in their activities. Volunteer for leadership roles. Contribute, participate and learn by doing.

Get Involved with People of Influence! Seek out those who can expand your learning experiences: A campus leader, a local businessman, or a member of the faculty. Develop personal relationships with successful graduate brothers. Expand your opportunities to learn and grow.

The Leadership Institute The Leadership Institute, designed to support the Building Courageous Leaders initiative, is a five-day premier leadership experience that will empower brothers to work on real issues and challenges facing their chapters. The Institute works through those chapter issues that are incongruent with the values and Ritual of Phi Gamma Delta. Brothers that attend The Leadership Institute will be able to: • Articulate their own definition of personal leadership style. • Define what a “personal value” means and identify their own personal values. • Create a realistic action plan in consultation with other brothers and facilitators for guiding themselves and their chapter. 103

The Institute was conducted for the first time in June 2016, with 80 undergraduates in attendance. Beginning in 2017, one brother from each chapter (150+) will be able to participate. The Institute comes at no cost to the attendees, thanks to the generous support of the Phi Gamma Delta Educational Foundation.

Gentlemen of Quality Brothers who attend The Leadership Institute will return to their chapters prepared to educate their chapter brothers on what it means to Lead with Courage.

Phi Gamma Deltas have long prided themselves as being “Gentlemen of Quality.” Through the years, Phi Gams have maintained the knowledge that confident social graces – conversation skills, table manners and appropriate dress – are vital to daily living. While some believe these “old school” values are outdated in the 21st century, many Phi Gamma Deltas realize that such values can add a certain refinement and civilization to life. Etiquette is a fancy term for “a set of societal standards used to make interaction less intimidating.” Although introducing your parents to the president of the university seems intimidating, it is less so if you know how to do it properly. To be a Phi Gam means to be able to handle any social situation that comes your way. Among the ways to promote yourself as a gentleman of quality, here are a few of the most important:

Shaking Hands Nothing makes a worse first impression than a limp, lifeless handshake. It is, after all, an immediate physical bond that you create with a person. Yours should be firm, not overpowering and should last a minimum of two to three seconds.

Introductions If two strangers have any occasion to speak to each other, and if you have ever spoken to each of them at any time, it is your duty to introduce them. If you know each of them well, it will be easy. It gets a little harder if you have forgotten a name or position. Nonetheless, the duty remains. It is no great sin to forget someone’s name. Simply apologize and give the person the opportunity to introduce himself. You will do him a great favor by offering an appropriate chance to do so. The general rule of thumb for introductions is relatively simple: always “present” the junior person to the senior person or party. For example, “Mom and Dad, this is my roommate in the fraternity, Jerry”. In situations where the people are of equal importance, introduce the person you know the best to the other. 104

Example: President Keller this is my father Bob Swanson. When you are introduced to someone older or more distinguished, use courtesy titles until asked to do otherwise (“Mr. Miller” or “Mr. Kramer”). Finally, don’t be afraid to take the initiative if you are waiting awkwardly to be introduced to someone, and no one is courteous enough to introduce you. Just do it yourself. It is as easy as saying, “Hello, my name is…”

As a Host Whenever you are on familiar ground (i.e. your fraternity house) and someone else is not, you have a duty and obligation to be courteous and helpful to him or her. If you notice someone looking lost in the foyer of your fraternity house, you should pause and greet the person. Then, ask if you can help him or her in any way. If you do live in a chapter house, it should be a general rule that visitors are not allowed to wander through the house unescorted. When someone comes to visit another brother, it is best to guide the guest directly to the brother.

Compliments

When someone gives you a If you are paying compliment, do not argue or someone a compli“brush it off.” Even if you feel the ment, do it sincerely, compliment is undeserved, simply quickly and with a say, “Thank you,” and move on. smile. When someone gives you a compliment, do not argue or “brush it off.” Even if you feel the compliment is undeserved, simply say, “Thank you,” and move on. By rejecting a sincere compliment, you rudely put the other person’s judgment in question.

“In the Air Force we say: Integrity first, Service before self and Excellence in all we do. In the JAG Corps, the three guiding principles are Wisdom, Valor and Justice… All of these tie back to things I lived in the Fraternity.”

Correspondence When writing a letter, be sure you are following an accepted format, including a return address and the date. Unless writing to a close friend, your letters should always be typed or done on a computer. You may want to have another brother proofread your letter(s). Not everyone is a great writer, but you want your letters to show intelligence. When mentioning a person as a third party in a letter, it is a courtesy that you provide a copy of the letter to that person. If you can’t, in good conscience, copy the other person then you may want to rethink what you have shared in the letter about that person.

Lt. Gen. Jack Rives (Georgia 1974): Executive director & COO of the American Bar Association; former judge advocate general, U.S. Air Force 105

Whenever someone has shown kindness, a short handwritten note of thanks will be warmly appreciated. It shows courtesy that many people do not expect from college students or fraternity men. It also increases the chance that someone will show you kindness again. When writing to a fraternity brother, an acceptable closing is “Fraternally” or “Fraternally yours”. In addition, when writing another known member of another fraternity or sorority, a common and accepted closing used is “Interfraternally.”

The Art of Dining Few things strike fear into the hearts of young people like a formal meal where formal table manners are expected. A few simple rules will ensure a positive impression regardless of the situation. If you are being hosted for dinner, wait for the lead of your host to be seated. Your host will signal when it is appropriate to be seated. Take your hosts lead on removing your napkin and beginning to eat as well. Also, out of courtesy for the person who cooked the meal, never season your food before tasting it. If asked to pass salt or the pepper, pass both shakers. The two should never be separated. If you are dining in a restaurant, it will be a little more complicated. A table place setting can sometimes be confusing. A good rule of thumb to follow is “lumpy on the left, runny on the right.” This tells you that your bread and butter plate will be on the left and that your water glass and coffee cup will be on your right. This is helpful in avoiding the awkward moments of not knowing which place or glass is yours.

Always be sure that any ladies dining at the table are seated first. It is considered extremely courteous to pull out a chair for a lady and to help her get comfortable before seating yourself.

Always be sure that any ladies dining at the table are seated first. It is considered extremely courteous to pull out a chair for a lady and to help her get comfortable before seating yourself. Ladies will be served first. Food is served from your left and finished plates removed from the right. Avoid reaching for food. If you find yourself in a setting with more utensils than you have fingers, relax. Remember that as the meal progresses, you will use utensils “from the outside in.” If there are utensils at the top of your plate, they are for your dessert. When leaving your place to go to the restroom, place your napkin in your chair. When completed with your meal place your silverware at the “11:00 to 5:00” position (as if the plate were a clock). This will signal to your server that you have completed your meal.

Respect the Dignity of All Persons Just as you have learned that there is no tolerance for hazing within Phi Gamma Delta, harassment or abuse of others has no place in our Fraternity. Phi Gamma Delta believes that all men and women must be treated with respect and dignity. Acting any other way is not only unbecoming of the man who does, but it is also a disgrace to the Fraternity. Phi Gamma Delta firmly condemns deliberate or repeated offensive comments, gestures, or unwanted contact of a sexual nature including date rape, gang rape and any other form of sexual 106

violence or harassment. We must continually be aware of Furthermore, racist actions that may be construed comments or activities as offensive. are contrary to the high standards of honor and gentlemanly conduct of Phi Gamma Delta.

The Fraternity does not permit women’s auxiliary organizations, commonly referred to as “little sister” groups. The presence of little sisters within a chapter threatens the single sex nature of Phi Gamma Delta, offers “second class” membership to women and is often demeaning and negatively demanding of women. In short, time spent with little sisters could be better spent in achieving the goals and standards of Phi Gamma Delta. Members of Phi Gamma Delta are always being judged by their peers, other Greeks, the faculty and administration, the media and society in general. Therefore, we must continually be aware of actions that may be construed as offensive, especially to women and minority groups. Chapter songs, party themes, T-shirts and banners are all open to criticism by the campus community, and as a result, each must be representative of Phi Gamma Delta and our lofty set of values and principles.

Tough Brotherhood Every man who initiates as a brother in Phi Gamma Delta vows to stand by an oath he takes. One of your responsibilities is to live up to this oath. The other responsibility you will partially assume, along with every other brother in your chapter, will be to hold others in the chapter accountable for living up to this oath as well. For those who have blood brothers we tend to think of them most in terms of caring, sharing and brotherly love. A brother is there for you in time of need or difficulty. However, there is another side of brotherhood. It has to do with holding a brother accountable for his actions. Just as parents should hold their children accountable for their actions, so too should brothers of any fraternity chapter hold each other accountable. This kind of “tough love” should be present in all our chapter houses, but too often it is missing. Instead, we see a watereddown version of brotherhood, where so-called brothers back away from conflict, afraid to take a stand, afraid to challenge intolerable behavior. This only results in more conflict, more intolerable behavior. The end result is erosion of our standards, loss of pride and respect, and then a complete absence of brotherhood. A

“As Fijis, we believe that Phi Gamma Delta is not a material possession you can hold in your hand but is a belief you hold in your heart. Remember the promises that this belief makes to you if you are open to its influence. Remember those brothers who have gone before us. Honor them with your conduct.”

Mike Shipley (Syracuse 1958): Archon President 1992-94 107

permissive society, a permissive home, or a permissive fraternity chapter reflects a lack of love.

Fraternity can be a wonderful teacher through the “tough love” that every member should exhibit. It can help men grow up. As brothers, we must hold each other 100% accountable for the oaths we take within Phi Gamma Delta.

“As CEO of CVS, I rely upon three key components to guide my leadership: Integrity - A good leader must possess good values; Clarity - A successful leader must realize the importance of good communication, using it successfully to deliver the group’s mission and values throughout the entire organization; and Selflessness - A great leader wants everyone around him to succeed.”

Tom Ryan (Rhode Island 1975): Former chairman, president & CEO, CVS Corporation 108

Phi Gamma Delta offers its members the nearest possible equivalent to home that can be found on the college campus, and those close ties often bind men in friendships for life. This offers you as close to a “family type” atmosphere as possible. You certainly won’t find that in the residence halls. You must remember, however, that fraternity does not provide a sanctuary from real life or a haven for sin. We must acknowledge that man is not perfect, and therefore that no association of man can be perfect. Fraternity can be a wonderful teacher through the “tough love” that every member should exhibit. It can help men grow up. As brothers, we must hold each other 100% accountable for the oath we take within Phi Gamma Delta.

NOT FOR COLLEGE DAYS ALONE

Brothers of Zeta Phi celebrate 125 years at William Jewell.

Phi Gamma Delta is a fraternity for life. While many of your best friendships and fraternal experiences will be forged in your undergraduate years, it is often the years following graduation which can be the most satisfying.

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Once a Phi Gam, always a Phi Gam.

embership in Phi Gamma Delta is for life. A brother of Phi Gamma Delta, no matter how old he is, must never say, “I was a Phi Gamma Delta when I was in college.” Instead, a brother should always say, “I am a Phi Gamma Delta!” In Phi Gamma Delta, we use the name graduate brother as opposed to “alumni.” In this way, every initiate retains the name “brother,” whether a man is one month out of college or receiving his Diamond Owl from the Fraternity signifying 75 years of membership. Once a Phi Gam, always a Phi Gam. You can take with you, far beyond your college days, the fellowship of your Fraternity, not only with brothers from your own chapter, but also with brothers from any other chapter in our Fraternity.

“As an undergraduate at Ohio State, my chapter played an important role in my life and this has continued after graduation. The friendships and business associations you develop will always stay with you, and you will find out that you can count on all your brothers across the country.”

Just as you plan your professional career and personal life, so should you project and consider yourself as a graduate brother of Phi Gamma Delta. This phase of fraternal life is the longest, and for many, as potentially rewarding as your undergraduate experience. After you leave college you will have the opportunity – and obligation – to maintain a close relationship with your Fraternity, one which should be rewarding for both you and Phi Gamma Delta.

Three Decisions Each young man who accepts an invitation to join Phi Gamma Delta, over any other fraternity, makes three important decisions involving his Phi Gam journey. Your first decision occurred when you decided to consider membership in Phi Gamma Delta. With that decision, you considered if you could obligate yourself to live by the values of our Fraternity and promote her welfare. Your second decision came at the time of initiation. You took part in a very special Ritual ceremony, during which you made a lifetime commitment to the preservation and progression of Phi Gamma Delta. For many young men, it is the first true “lifetime commitment” they have ever made.

Tom Matte (Ohio State 1961): Baltimore Colts running back (1961-1973) 110

Your third decision is the one most forgotten, but perhaps the most important for the future of our brotherhood. There is no special ceremony to mark the third decision. Each man makes it within himself. It is the decision to be a caring, contributing Phi Gam beyond the college years. Deciding to stay involved in a meaningful way allows a man to impact future generations and

Four of Chi Omicron at Cincinnati's Founding Fathers gathered in Naples, Florida to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Chapter's chartering.

keep his “fraternal flame” burning in the hearts and minds of our newest Phi Gams.

Lifetime Commitment Other fraternities often marvel at Phi Gamma Delta’s historic fortune of brothers who exude loyalty and generosity toward their Fraternity well into their silver, gold and even diamond owl years. For these brothers, it is often simple – they are men of integrity who remember their oaths. They place sincere feelings of indebtedness ahead of personal conveniences. You are charged to be one of these men. The true spirit of Phi Gamma Delta keeps men’s hearts pledged throughout their lifetimes. Your commitment should continue to grow from initiation to graduate and from your undergraduate to your graduate days. Whenever able, you are expected to give back, plain and simple.

Hands-on Involvement When you have graduated, there will be a role available for you as a graduate volunteer. Do not wait to be asked, because the Fraternity may never get the chance to personally ask you for your assistance. Even if your chapter or another chapter near Even if your chapter or another your home appears to chapter near your home appears have all the graduate to have all the graduate support support they can use, they can use, there is no limit to there is no limit to a a chapter’s advisory needs. chapter’s advisory needs.

Phi Gamma Delta’s foremost need will always be your hands-on

“I am a live Phi Gam from a dead chapter. I wear our badge over my heart in the daytime, on my nightshirt when I go to bed, and I keep it in my mouth when I take a bath.” Episcopal Rector Robert Barber (Roanoke 1902) 111

Graduate financial support allows your Fraternity to provide scholarships and leadership programs to Phi Gams. Brothers and family members can choose to designate a gift in memory of a deceased brother of the Fraternity. In this way, these brothers who pass Ad Astra can be remembered for the contributions they made to the Fraternity and the impact they made on their brothers.

involvement with our undergraduate chapters. Opportunities include service as a Purple Legionnaire, Board of Chapter Advisors member, house corporation member, or faculty advisor (if you are qualified through work at a college). Every Graduate brothers provide continubrother’s first inclination ity for undergraduate chapters. tends to be service to his own chapter – which is great, particularly if he lives near his chapter. Still, the International Headquarters can always find ways for interested brothers to get involved in the chapters or colonies nearest to their homes. Brothers can also be hands-on involved in other ways, such as traveling to attend the Ekklesia on alternate summers or serving on an Ekklesia host committee if it is being held in your geographical area. Perhaps the most important role of a graduate volunteer is as a role model. A graduate brother can demonstrate that the Phi Gamma Delta experience continues after graduation, and that the values and principles taught in the chapter have very real applications in the everyday world. Whether serving as an active Purple Legionnaire, or just returning to renew fraternal acquaintances at Pig Dinner, graduate brothers should serve as role models for undergraduate brothers.

Financial Support Phi Gamma Delta has always depended on graduate brothers for financial support. Graduates are encouraged to donate to the Phi Gamma Delta Educational Foundation, the International Fraternity and their undergraduate chapter. The Fraternity asks graduate brothers to pay dues each year to support activities such as servicing of undergraduate chapters, expansion to new campuses and The Phi Gamma Delta magazine. Currently, the dues amount is $25. It is a small amount for an individual brother to pay, but when thousands of brothers respond, the positive impact on the Fraternity is tremendous. Our graduate brothers’ support through the annual dues program is a point of pride for Phi Gamma Delta. Graduate brothers who are interested in the available giving options and how they can specifically direct their gifts can contact 112

the Educational Foundation at the International Headquarters. Throughout history, Phi Gamma Delta has been dependent upon generous financial support from its graduate brothers to continue an upward march. Your contributions are necessary and make a difference.

Graduate Chapters Graduate chapters are organized social associations of graduate brothers from all chapters who live in a particular geographical area. They are arguably the best environments for inter-chapter brotherhood that Phi Gamma Delta offers. Graduate chapters enable brothers to stay in better touch with the International Fraternity. They also offer opportunities for brothers to “give back” to the Fraternity that helped mold them, create an environment wherein brothers make new friends (and stay in contact with old friends), increase the ability for brothers to network and lend themselves to fun. They also traditionally interact positively with local undergraduate chapters and the local community.

Communication Some forms of graduate commitment are more basic. When graduate brothers move or change jobs, they are expected to update their contact information with the International Headquarters and their chapter. When they are generous to their colleges, they are expected to remind these institutions about their loyalty to Phi Gamma Delta and their interest in said college’s support of the same. Other opportunities for communication from a graduate brother include when he knows about a young man who would be a good fit with Phi Gamma Delta and is attending a college that has a chapter. Recruitment recommendations to the young man and the chapter always help!

“I believe those of us who have enjoyed the benefits of Phi Gamma Delta have done so because our principles are the same: generosity of country, kindness of friends and the value of putting it on the line for someone else. The lessons of my life are indeed lessons of our Fraternity. In my family, I have three brothers; in my Fraternity, I have thousands. When I needed help, brothers were there, and when they call, I must answer. There is no other way. It is the number one rule, and it is not for college days alone.”

As you move from your undergraduate days in the chapter to those of being a graduate brother, be sure to keep your contact information updated either through the Fraternity’s website, www. phigam.org/AddressUpdate or email phigam@phigam.org.

Silver, Gold & Diamond Owls The Fraternity honors brothers who celebrate significant anniversaries of their formal initiation into Phi Gamma Delta. On the 25th anniversary of his initiation date, a brother is eligible to receive the Silver Owl. On his 50th anniversary he is eligible for the Golden

Bob Kerrey (Nebraska 1965): Former U.S. Senator-Nebraska; former Governor-Nebraska 113

Owl, and at 75 years, he receives his Diamond Owl. The Fraternity provides certificates for each of these milestones. Silver, gold and diamond owl pins can be purchased to provide further recognition of these brothers.

Sires & Sons Fiji Sires and Sons is a special order within Phi Gamma Delta that six Fiji fathers founded at the White House in Washington, D.C., on Founders Day, May 1, 1925. Calvin Coolidge, then President of the United States, was one of its original members. It is composed of fathers and sons who are members of Phi Gamma Delta. There is no membership fee; any Fiji son or Fiji sire (father) is eligible for membership by notifying the Phi Gamma Delta Educational Foundation.

During the Ieuter family reunion, the Phi Gams gathered for a Fiji Sires and Sons pictures. Pictured: Bill Ieuter (Illinois 1957) with his sons: Charles (Illinois 1983), William (Iowa State 1985) and Jacob (Kansas 1986); grandsons: Max (Michigan State 2012), Rolf (Wisconsin 2014) and Charlie) (Kansas 2021); and nephew Karl (Miami 1995).

The Sires and Sons program helps foster the generational evolution of Phi Gamma Delta. It provides a special recognition of the bond that Fiji fathers and sons maintain within our Fraternity.

Archon Presidents • 1898: Lew Wallace (DePauw 1868)

• 1943: Louis E. Leverone (Dartmouth 1904)

• 1900: James O. Wilson (Illinois Wesleyan 1876)

• 1946: Marshall B. Dalton (MIT 1915)

• 1901: William E. McLaren (Jefferson 1851)

• 1950: Herbert W. Smith (Michigan 1910)

• 1903: Charles W. Fairbanks (Ohio Wesleyan 1872) • 1905: Newton D. Baker (Washington & Lee 1894) • 1910: William F. Chamberlin (Denison 1893) • 1911: Stuart Eagleson (Wooster 1891) • 1912: Orion H. Cheney (New York 1897) • 1917: Glen Miller (Kansas 1884) • 1918: James O. Wilson (Illinois Wesleyan 1876) • 1918: Lewis L. Wallace (Depauw 1868) • 1923: Horace I. Brightman (Columbia 1892) • 1934: George F. Snyder (Pennsylvania 1900) 114

• 1948: Penfield Mower (Dartmouth 1904) • 1952: Cecil F. Dawson (William Jewell 1915) • 1954: Ralph H. Cake (Oregon 1913) • 1956: Philip C. Ebeling (Ohio Wesleyan 1928) • 1958: Stanley T. Wallbank (Colorado 1917) • 1960: George D. Bailey (Wisconsin 1912) • 1966: Danner L. Mahood (Virginia 1923) • 1968: Henry S. Brainard (Case Western Reserve 1922) • 1970: William R. Hauser (Denison 1950) • 1974: Thomas H. Williams (Alabama 1941) • 1976: John D. Sheppard (Pittsburgh 1944)

• 1978: Louis A. Mangels (Indiana 1956)

• 2002: Jerrold Wanek (Iowa 1980)

• 1980: Joseph B. Carney (Depauw 1950)

• 2004: Marvin J. Carver (North Carolina 1975)

• 1982: Lewis M. Costello (Virginia 1955) • 1984: Robert L. Albin (Missouri 1962) • 1986: C. James Jessee Jr. (Virginia 1949) • 1988: David G. Elmore (Indiana 1955) • 1990: Richard D. McCormick (Iowa State 1961) • 1992: Michael O. Shipley (Syracuse 1958) • 1994: John Gottschalk (Nebraska 1965) • 1996: Douglas H. Dittrick (Ohio Wesleyan 1955) • 1998: Lee M. Moss (Tennessee 1973) • 2000: James E. Caswell (Southern Methodist 1963)

• 2006: Eugene D. “Buddy” Coté (Maine 1981) • 2008: William R. Miller (Indiana 1962, Purdue GA 1996) • 2010: James B. “Jim” Hickey Jr. (Illinois 1975) • 2012: Scott J. Mikulecky (Colorado State 1982) • 2014: Michael A. Lucas (Bradley 1983) • 2016: Brian M. Douglas (Tennessee Tech 1998) • 2018: Clark A. Robertson (Nebraska 1982) • 2020: Nicolas A. Loiacono (Illinois 1974) • 2022: William S. Hunnicutt, Jr. (Texas Arlington 1981)

Archon Presidents from 2016-Present

Brian Douglas (Tennessee Tech 1998), 2016-2018

Clark Robertson (Nebraska 1982), 2018-2020

Nic Loiacono (Illinois 1974), 2020-2022

Bill Hunnicutt (Texas Arlington 1981), 2022-2024

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Famous Fijis Many graduate brothers have distinguished themselves within the Fraternity and in their professional careers. We present here a partial listing of the “Famous Fijis” known to many of our brothers for their achievements.

Business Alan B. Graf Jr. (Indiana 1975)

Dick McCormick (Iowa State 1961)

Richard Munro (Colgate 1957)

• Edmund F. Ball* (Wabash 1927, Yale 1927): Former president & CEO, Ball Corporation; namesake, Ball State University • Dick Costolo (Michigan 1985): Former CEO, Twitter • Alan B. Graf Jr. (Indiana 1974): Former executive vice president/CFO, FedEx • Judson C. Green* (DePauw 1974): Former chairman, Walt Disney Attractions; president & CEO, Navigation Technologies Corporation • Phil Knight (Oregon 1959): Founder & chairman emeritus, Nike Corporation • Chuck Lee* (Cornell 1961): Former chairman & CEO, Verizon Communications • Scott Lowery (Miami 1982): Founder & executive vice president, BW-3 Restaurants • Richard D. McCormick (Iowa State 1961): Former president, U.S. West Corporation; former president, International Chamber of Commerce • Dick Munro (Colgate 1957): Former chairman, Time Warner Inc.; part creator, HBO • Jack Rodgers* (Kansas 1953): Former founder & president, Starbucks • Alfred Verrecchia (Rhode Island 1965): CEO, Hasbro Inc.

Entertainment • Scott Bakula (Kansas 1977): Actor • Johnny Carson* (Nebraska 1949): Former host, NBC’s “Tonight Show” • Radney Foster (Sewanee 1982): Country music singer-songwriter & producer • Matthew Fox (Columbia 1989): Actor • Jim Gaffigan (Purdue 1988): Comedian and actor Johnny Carson (Nebraska 1949) 116

* Brother has passed Ad Astra

• Jason Isbell (Memphis 2001): Country music singer/songwriter; Grammy Award winner • Richard Jenkins (Illinois Wesleyan 1969): Actor; Emmy Award winner for outstanding lead actor • Seth Meyers (Northwestern 1996): Host, “Late Night with Seth Meyers” • Dermot Mulroney (Northwestern 1985): Actor • Rob Riggle (Kansas 1992): Comedian and actor • Richard Zanuck* (Stanford 1956): Former motion picture director/producer; former president, Twentieth Century Fox

Higher Education • Dr. Richard C. Atkinson (Chicago 1949): President Emeritus, University of California • Dr. Wayne Clough (Georgia Tech 1963): Former president, Georgia Institute of Technology; former secretary, Smithsonian Institution • Hal Jackman (Toronto 1953): Former chancellor, University of Toronto • Dr. Ken Jessell (Florida State 1977): President, Florida International University • Corey King (Florida State 1992): Chancellor, University of Wisconsin Whitewater • Jere W. Morehead (Georgia 1988): President, University of Georgia

Richard Jenkins (Illinois Wesleyan 1969)

Wayne Clough (Georgia Tech 1963)

Media & Literature • Roone Arledge* (Columbia 1952): Former president, ABC

News and Sports • Dr. Ken Blanchard (Cornell 1961): Co-author, The One Minute Manager • Harry C. “Skip” Caray Jr.* (Missouri 1961): Former announcer, Atlanta Braves Baseball • Stuart Evey* (Washington 1956): Former chairman, ESPN • Major Garrett (Missouri 1984): Chief Washington Correspondent, CBS News; Correspondent at Large, National Journal • Bill Geist (Illinois 1967): CBS news correspondent

Roone Arledge (Columbia 1952)

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E. B. White (Cornell 1921)

• John Gottschalk (Nebraska 1965): Former president, CEO & publisher, Omaha World Herald • Brian Lamb (Purdue 1963): Founder, CEO & host, C-SPAN • Dr. Norman Vincent Peale* (Ohio Wesleyan 1920): Theologian/author, The Power of Positive Thinking • Tom Peters (Cornell 1964): Author, In Search of Excellence • Dave Revsine (Northwestern 1991): Television sports anchor, Big Ten Network • Lew Wallace* (DePauw 1868): Author, Ben Hur • Whit Watson (Cornell 1993): Sportscaster, Golf Channel • E. B. White* (Cornell 1921): Author, Charlotte’s Web • Bob Woodward (Yale 1965): Co-author, All The President’s Men; editor, The Washington Post

Politics & Government Charles W. Fairbanks (Ohio Wesleyan 1872)

Robert S. McNamara (California Berkeley 1937)

Jack Swigert (Colorado 1953) 118

• Benjamin Civiletti (Johns Hopkins 1957): Former U.S. Attorney General • Calvin Coolidge* (Amherst 1895): 30th President of the United States • William J. Crowe Jr.* (Oklahoma 1946): Former Chairman, U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff • Mike Easley (North Carolina 1972): Former Governor, State of North Carolina • Charles W. Fairbanks* (Ohio Wesleyan 1872): Former Vice President of the United States • Neil Gorsuch (Columbia 1988): Justice, U.S. Supreme Court • Eric Holcomb (Hanover 1990): Governor, State of Indiana • Frank Iacobucci (British Columbia 1962): Former Justice, Supreme Court of Canada • Bob Kerrey (Nebraska 1965): Former Governor and U.S. Senator, State of Nebraska • Thomas Riley Marshall* (Wabash 1873): Former Vice President of the United States • Robert S. McNamara* (California Berkeley 1937): Former United States Secretary of Defense • Mike Pence (Hanover 1981): Vice President of the United States; former Governor, State of Indiana • Jared Polis (Princeton 1996): Governor, State of Colorado * Brother has passed Ad Astra

• Byron “Whizzer” White* (Colorado 1938): Former Justice, U.S. Supreme Court

Science & Technology • Gene Cernan* (Purdue 1956): Former astronaut, Apollo &

Gemini Space Programs • Allen Harris* (British Columbia 1922): Co-discoverer, Illinium (61st element) • Wayne Isom (Texas Tech 1962): Cardiothoracic surgeon in chief, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center • Jack Swigert* (Colorado 1953): Former astronaut, Apollo Space Program • Robert Taylor* (Southern Methodist 1952): Co-creator of the Internet; director of systems research center, Digital Equipment Corporation

Robert Taylor (Southern Methodist 1952)

Sports • Chuck Armstrong (Purdue 1964): Former president & COO, Seattle Mariners • Sal Bando* (Arizona State 1966): Former Major League Baseball player; former general manager, Milwaukee Brewers • John Cappelletti (Pennsylvania State 1974): 1973 Heisman Trophy winner • Jimmy Cefalo (Pennsylvania State 1978): Former professional football player, broadcaster • Victor Cui (Alberta 1994): President & CEO, Edmonton Elks Football Club; former founder & CEO, ONE Championship • Tim Finchem (Richmond 1969): Former commissioner, PGA Tour • Tim Foley (Purdue 1970): Former professional football player, broadcaster • Brian Griese (Michigan 1997): Former professional football player; broadcaster • Hale Irwin (Colorado 1967): Professional golfer • Christy Mathewson* (Bucknell 1902): Former professional baseball player; member, Baseball Hall of Fame • Bob Mathias* (Stanford 1953): United States Olympian, gold medal, track & field 1948 & 1952 • Tom Matte* (Ohio State 1961): Former professional football player

Chuck Armstrong (Purdue 1964)

Victor Cui (Alberta 1994)

Bob Mathias (Stanford 1953)

119

Roger Penske (Lehigh 1959)

• Jack Nicklaus (Ohio State 1961): Former professional golfer • Peter O’Malley (Pennsylvania 1960): Former owner, Los Angeles Dodgers • Jerry Pate (Alabama 1975): Former professional golfer • Roger Penske (Lehigh 1959): Former race car driver; owner, Penske Auto Racing Team • Bobby Rahal (Denison 1975): Former race car driver; owner, Auto Racing Team • Dean Smith* (Kansas 1953): Former head basketball coach, University of North Carolina • Bill Snyder (William Jewell 1962): Former head football coach, Kansas State University; College Football Hall of Fame • Payne Stewart* (Southern Methodist 1979): Former professional golfer • Roger Wehrli (Missouri 1968): Former professional football player; member, NFL Hall of Fame • Matthew Wolff (Oklahoma State 2021): Professional golfer • Tom Yawkey* (Yale 1925): Former owner, Boston Red Sox * Brother has passed Ad Astra

Payne Stewart (Southern Methodist 1979)

Thomas Riley Marshall (Wabash 1873), Vice President of the United States Phi Gamma Delta’s own Thomas Riley Marshall, when Vice President of the United States, reverently proclaimed: “The forces that have been the greatest in my life have been God and the college fraternity that molded me.”

120

Calvin Coolidge (Amherst 1895), 30th President of the United States Persistence “Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not; nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent. Genius will not; unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not; the world is full of educated derelicts. Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent. The slogan ‘Press On’ has solved and always will solve the problems of the human race.” Phi Gamma Delta owns the only fulllength portrait of Calvin Coolidge painted while he was President. That portrait hangs in the International Headquarters, with an exact copy on display in the National Portrait Gallery (NPG) of the Smithsonian Institution. In 20062007, the original portrait was on loan to the Smithsonian for a grand opening of the National Portrait Gallery after having undergone extensive renovations. The Fraternity’s Coolidge portrait was part of the America’s Presidents exhibit, traditionally the most popular exhibit of the NPG.

121

Index

122

Alcohol-Free Housing.............................................................................. 98 Academic Goals, Setting Your............................................................... 22 Academy....................................................................................................... 68 Anti-Hazing Hotline, National...........................................................5, 19 Apostle of the West, The......................................................................... 54 Appointed Volunteer Leaders............................................................... 72 Archon Presidents...................................................................................114 Archons......................................................................................................... 69 Athletics......................................................................................................100 Awards........................................................................................................... 88

Badge............................................................................................................. 84 Board of Chapter Advisors..................................................................... 73 Board of Conduct...................................................................................... 72 Brothers' Bill of Rights.................................................................................5 Building Courageous Leaders............................................................... 41

Campus Involvement............................................................................... 99 Canada, Phi Gamma Delta in................................................................ 64 Chapter Meeting Participation............................................................. 17 Chapter Organization.............................................................................. 93 Chapter, Your............................................................................................... 92 Chapters, New............................................................................................ 63 Chapters & Provisional Chapters, Active........................................... 76 Coat of Arms................................................................................................ 83 College, Your............................................................................................... 18 Color, Official............................................................................................... 85 Congratulations............................................................................................9 Coolidge, Calvin.......................................................................................121 Communication.......................................................................................113 Community Service.................................................................................. 99 Course of Study, Choosing..................................................................... 22 Crofts, Daniel Webster............................................................................. 61

“Delta”............................................................................................................ 87 Dynamic Recruitment.............................................................................. 94

Ekklesia......................................................................................................... 68 Educational Foundation......................................................................... 74 Elliott, James Jr........................................................................................... 60 Excellence.................................................................................................... 37 Executive Secretaries/Directors........................................................... 65

Famous Fijis...............................................................................................116 Field Secretaries......................................................................................... 71 “Fiji,” Origins of............................................................................................ 81 Financial Advisory Board........................................................................ 71 Financial Support....................................................................................112

First Meeting, Minutes of the................................................................ 57 Flag................................................................................................................. 85 Fletcher, Naaman....................................................................................... 62 Flower, Official............................................................................................ 85 Founders Day.............................................................................................. 83 Founding of Phi Gamma Delta, The.................................................... 56 Fraternally Speaking................................................................................ 19 Fraternity, What Is a.................................................................................. 11 Friendship.................................................................................................... 31

“Gamma”....................................................................................................... 83 Gentlemen of Quality............................................................................104 Graduate Chapters..................................................................................113 Graduate Relations................................................................................... 96 Greek Alphabet.......................................................................................... 44 Greek Letters............................................................................................... 84 Gregg, Ellis Bailey...................................................................................... 61 Growth, Era of Early.................................................................................. 63 Guide to Daily Action............................................................................... 40

Hands-on Involvement.........................................................................111 Hazing Concerns Reporting Form...................................................5, 17 Hazing Defined.......................................................................................... 18 Hazing, Punishment for........................................................................... 17 Headquarters....................................................................................... 10, 72 Honors........................................................................................................... 88 House Corporation................................................................................... 73 Housing Committee................................................................................. 74 How Do We Develop Our Values.......................................................... 29

Immortal Six, The....................................................................................... 57 Initiation to Graduation, From.............................................................. 12 Insignia.......................................................................................................... 52 Interfraternal Relationships................................................................... 51 International Headquarters Staff......................................................... 70 Introduction to the Fraternity............................................................... 11

Jefferson College, Old.............................................................................. 54 Jefferson Duo, The..................................................................................... 45

Knowledge................................................................................................... 32

Leadership, Values-Based.....................................................................102 Leadership Institute, The......................................................................103 Legacies........................................................................................................ 87 Lifetime Commitment...........................................................................111 Literary Societies, The.............................................................................. 56 Log Cabin, The............................................................................................ 55

Index

123

Index

124

Logo, Building Courageous Leaders............................................ 43, 85

Magazine, The Phi Gamma Delta......................................................... 87 Marshall, Thomas Riley..........................................................................120 McCarty, John Templeton....................................................................... 57 Member Education..................................................................... 11, 17, 99 Membership, Responsibilities of.......................................................... 13 Membership, Standards of..................................................................... 16 Mentor, Your................................................................................................ 16 Miami Triad, The......................................................................................... 45 Mission.............................................................................................................4 Modern Times............................................................................................. 64 Morality......................................................................................................... 36

Name, What’s in a...................................................................................... 49 Norris, Frank................................................................................................ 82 North American Interfraternity Conference.................................... 50

Obstacles Abound..................................................................................... 48 Organizational Chart, Volunteer.......................................................... 67 Owls, Silver, Gold & Diamond.............................................................113

Perge!............................................................................................................. 81 Persistence Quote...................................................................................121 Phi Beta Kappa........................................................................................... 44 Phi Gamma Delta at a Glance..................................................................9 Philanthropy................................................................................................ 99 Pig Dinner.................................................................................................... 82 Purple Legionnaire.................................................................................... 73 Purple Pilgrim............................................................................................. 11

Quote: Robert Barber.............................................................................111 Quote: Gene Cernan................................................................................. 14 Quote: William Crowe.............................................................................. 34 Quote: Doug Dittrick................................................................................ 24 Quote: David Elmore................................................................................ 21 Quote: Hale Irwin...................................................................................... 96 Quote: Riverda Harding Jordan............................................................ 92 Quote: Bob Kerrey...................................................................................113 Quote: Tom Matte...................................................................................110 Quote: Edwin Mattern............................................................................. 85 Quote: Dick McCormick........................................................................102 Quote: Jack Nicklaus................................................................................ 32 Quote: Norman Vincent Peale.............................................................. 12 Quote: Bobby Rahal.................................................................................. 13 Quote: Jack Rives.....................................................................................105 Quote: Tom Ryan.....................................................................................108 Quote: Mike Shipley...............................................................................107

Quote: Bill Snyder...................................................................................... 28 Quote: Whit Watson.................................................................................. 39

Respect the Dignity of All Persons....................................................106 Risk Management.................................................................................... 98

Scholarship.................................................................................................. 96 Seal................................................................................................................. 84 Section Leader............................................................................................ 73 Service........................................................................................................... 34 Set Yourself Up for Success.................................................................... 21 Sires & Sons...............................................................................................114 Social.............................................................................................................. 97 Songs............................................................................................................. 85 Sorority Founding Dates......................................................................... 49 Southern Foundings................................................................................ 46 Spirituality.................................................................................................... 85 Study, How to............................................................................................. 24 Success Is in Your Hands......................................................................... 24

Take Advantage of Available Assistance........................................... 25 Terminology................................................................................................ 51 Test Time, Performing at......................................................................... 25 Three Decisions........................................................................................110 Time Management................................................................................... 22 Tough Brotherhood................................................................................107

Union College............................................................................................. 44

Values and Ethics, A Statement of Fraternity.................................. 16 Values, Discovering Your......................................................................... 30 Values of Phi Gamma Delta................................................................... 29 Values..................................................................................................... 30, 31 Vision................................................................................................................4

Welcome to Phi Gamma Delta................................................................9 What Are Values?....................................................................................... 28 What Are Your Values?............................................................................. 29 Why Are Values Important?................................................................... 28 Wilson, Samuel Beatty............................................................................. 59 Women’s Groups........................................................................................ 48

Zerman Memorial Garden...................................................................... 19

1848 Properties......................................................................................... 74 20th Century Growth............................................................................... 47

Index

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The Purple Pilgrim

Articles inside

5 The Phi Gamma Delta Story

4 North American College Fraternities

3 The Values of Phi Gamma Delta

2 Scholarship - A Fiji's Top Priority

1 Welcome to Phi Gamma Delta

10 Not For College Days Alone

9 Your Development in Phi Gamma Delta

6 Organization of the Fraternity

8 Earning Your Badge Every Day

7 Fiji Heritage - Customs & Traditions