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An Integrated Approach of River Health Assessment Based on Physico-chemical Parameters of the River Subarnarekha, India

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Drainage Basin Dynamics

Part of the book series: Geography of the Physical Environment ((GEOPHY))

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Abstract

In fluvial geomorphology, dynamics of process and structure are considered as prime controlling attributes for all river channels. However, if there is any kind of change in river flow and sediment regime condition, then obviously it modifies the entire catchment system. As a result, we generally see the alteration of habitats mainly because of changes in the physical and behavioral pattern of channels. This study has been carried out in an integrated way to assess river health for the key issues of effective river management and has also been used as a tool for identifying different factors in moribund ecosystems. Rapid alterations in land use and land cover like urbanization, industrialization, intense agriculture, etc., have degenerated the condition of river health. As the health of the river Subarnarekha has also deteriorated, thus we consider analyzing all of the above components as important parameters to diagnose the river system. Traditionally, the majority of these kinds of studies have focused only on chemical parameters, but in the present context, complex outcomes on habitat modifications by urbanization, industrialization, and a barrier (like dams, embankments, bridges, transport networks, etc.) also alter flow regimes. It demonstrates that an integrated approach is necessary to identify river health through chemical quality, channel planform adjustment, and anthropogenic influences, respectively. To understand the condition of physical health and the intensity of anthropogenic effects, multi-temporal satellite imageries for two years 1990 and 2014 have been used. Besides, in this study, 21 sampling sites were selected in the river for three times, namely, pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon periods for the year 2014 to delineate chemical health. The overall analysis showed a seasonal concentration pattern of metals, and which is higher in the pre-monsoon season but lower in the monsoon period due to the dilution effect.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Department of Public Health Engineering, Govt. of West Bengal for conducting chemical analysis, and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Explorer for providing satellite imageries. We appreciate and thank the reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that helped us to improve our manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, University of Calcutta, 35 B. C. Road, Kolkata, 700019, India

    Ujjwal Bhandari

  2. Department of Geography, Vidyasagar College, 39 Sankar Ghose Lane, Kolkata, 700006, India

    Uttam Mukhopadhyay

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  1. Ujjwal Bhandari
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. PG Department of Geography, Raja N. L. Khan Women’s College (Autonomous), Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Pravat Kumar Shit

  2. Department of Geography, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, West Bengal, India

    Biswajit Bera

  3. Department of Geography, Aliah University, Kolkata, India

    Aznarul Islam

  4. Department of Geography, Chandrapur College, Barddhaman, West Bengal, India

    Sandipan Ghosh

  5. Randstad India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, India

    Gouri Sankar Bhunia

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Bhandari, U., Mukhopadhyay, U. (2022). An Integrated Approach of River Health Assessment Based on Physico-chemical Parameters of the River Subarnarekha, India. In: Shit, P.K., Bera, B., Islam, A., Ghosh, S., Bhunia, G.S. (eds) Drainage Basin Dynamics. Geography of the Physical Environment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79634-1_17

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